Asra Khurshid
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir
M.T. Banday
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir
S. Adil
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir
Madeeha Untoo
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir
Insha Afzal
Division of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar-190006, Kashmir
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of Mint leaves (Mentha piperita) with or without enzyme treatment on performance and economics of broiler chicken production. To achieve the envisaged objectives, a feeding trail was conducted with 225 day old commercial broiler chicks. The chicks were procured from a reputed source and reared together until 7 days of age. On 8th day, the chicks were individually weighed, distributed randomly into 5 treatment groups of 3 replicates with 15 chicks each. Birds in the control group (T1) were fed diets without additives, whereas in T2 and T3 basal diet was supplemented with raw mint leaves @ 1% (T2) and 2% (T3). In T4 and T5, enzyme treated mint leaves @ 1 and 2% were added to the basal diet, respectively. The body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio were recorded at weekly intervals and economics of feeding was worked out at the end of trial. The results revealed that the birds fed diets supplemented with either raw and enzyme treated mint leaves attained significantly (p<0.05) higher live body weight when compared with the control group. A significantly (p<0.05) highest improvement in the body weight was observed in T5 when compared with the other groups. No significant (p>0.05) difference in the cumulative feed consumption was observed among various treatment groups. The cumulative feed conversion ratio showed a significant (p<0.05) improvement in all the treatment groups when compared with the control. A reduction in feed cost/kg live weight gain was observed in the birds fed 1% enzyme treated mint leaves (T4) in the diet. In conclusion, 1% enzyme treated mint leaves were found to be effective in economizing the broiler production.
PDF References
How to cite this article
Asra Khurshid, M.T. Banday, S. Adil, Madeeha Untoo and Insha Afzal, 2016. Mint Leaves (Mentha piperita) as Herbal Dietary Supplement: Effect on Performance and Economics of Broiler Chicken Production. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 15: 810-815.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2016.810.815
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2016.810.815
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2016.810.815
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2016.810.815
REFERENCES
- Al-Ankari, A.S., M.M. Zaki and S.I. Al-Sultan, 2004. Use of habek mint (Mentha longifolia) in broiler chicken diets. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 3: 629-634.
CrossRefDirect Link - Amasaib, E.Q., B.H. Abd Elrahman, A.A. Abdelhameed, B.A. Atta Elmnan and A.G. Mahala, 2013. Effect of dietary levels of spearmint (Mentha spicata) on broiler chicks performance. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 3: 193-196.
Direct Link - AOAC., 2005. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 18th Edn., Horwitz William Publication, Washington, DC., USA.
Direct Link - Bansal, G.R., V.P. Singh and N. Sachan, 2012. Carcass characteristics of commercial broiler chicks as affected by enzyme supplementation. Int. J. Agro Vet. Med. Sci., 6: 413-417.
Direct Link - Borris, R.P., 1996. Natural products research: Perspectives from a major pharmaceutical company. J. Ethnopharmacol., 51: 29-38.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Brenes, A. and E. Roura, 2010. Essential oils in poultry nutrition: Main effects and modes of action. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 158: 1-14.
CrossRefDirect Link - Cowan, M.M., 1999. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 12: 564-582.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Dorman, H.J.D., M. Kosar, K. Kahlos, Y. Holm and R. Hiltunen, 2003. Antioxidant properties and composition of aqueous extracts from Mentha species, hybrids, varieties and cultivars. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 4563-4569.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Durrani, F.R., Abidullah, N. Chand, Z. Durrani and S. Akhtar, 2008. Hematological, biochemical, immunomodulatory and growth promoting effect of feed added wild mint (Mentha longifolia) in broiler chicks. Sarhad J. Agric., 24: 661-664.
Direct Link - Al-Kassie, G.A.M., 2010. The role of peppermint (Mentha piperita) on performance in broiler diets. Agric. Biol. J. North Am., 1: 1009-1013.
Direct Link - Scheuermann, G.N., A. Cunha Jr., L. Cypriano and A.M. Gabbi, 2009. Phytogenic additive as an alternative to growth promoters in broiler chickens. Ciencia Rural, 39: 522-527.
CrossRefDirect Link - Griggs, J.P. and J.P. Jacob, 2005. Alternatives to antibiotics for organic poultry production. J. Applid Poult. Res., 14: 750-756.
CrossRefDirect Link - Guo, F.C., B.A. Williams, R.P. Kwakkel, H.S. Li and X.P. Li et al., 2004. Effects of mushroom and herb polysaccharides, as alternatives for an antibiotic, on the cecal microbial ecosystem in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 83: 175-182.
CrossRefDirect Link - Davoodi, H. and S.R. Hashemi, 2010. Phytogenics as new class of feed additive in poultry industry. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 9: 2295-2304.
Direct Link - Jamroz, D., J. Orda, C. Kamel, A. Wiliczkiewicz, T. Wertelecki and J. Skorupinska, 2003. The influence of phytogenic extracts on performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and gut microbial status in broiler chickens. J. Anim. Feed Sci., 12: 583-596.
Direct Link - Jang, I.S., Y.H. Ko, H.Y. Yang, J.S. Ha and J.Y. Kim et al., 2004. Influence of essential oil components on growth performance and the functional activity of the pancreas and small intestine in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci., 17: 394-400.
CrossRefDirect Link - Jazani, N.H., M. Zartoshti, H. Babazadeh, N. Ali-Daiee, S. Zarrin and S. Hosseini, 2009. Antibacterial effects of Iranian fennel essential oil on isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 12: 738-741.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Lazaro, R., M. Garcia, M.J. Aranibar and G.G. Mateos, 2003. Effect of enzyme addition to wheat-, barley- and rye-based diets on nutrient digestibility and performance of laying hens. Br. Poult. Sci., 44: 256-265.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Nanekarani, S., M. Goodarzi, M. Heidari and N. Landy, 2012. Efficiency of ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2: S1611-S1614.
CrossRefDirect Link - Nobakht, A., J. Norani and A. Safamehr, 2011. The effects of different amounts of Mentha pulegium L. (pennyroyal) on performance, carcass traits, hematological and blood biochemical parameters of broilers. J. Med. Plants Res., 5: 3763-3768.
Direct Link - Ocak, N., G. Erener, F. Burak Ak, M. Sungu, A. Altop and A. Ozmen, 2008. Performance of broilers fed diets supplemented with dry peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) or thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) leaves as growth promoter source. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 53: 169-175.
CrossRefDirect Link - Olennikov, D.N. and L.M. Tankhaeva, 2010. Quantitative determination of phenolic compounds in Mentha piperita leaves. Chem. Nat. Compd., 46: 22-27.
CrossRefDirect Link - Qureshi, S., M.T. Banday, S. Adil, I. Shakeel and Z.H. Munshi, 2015. Effect of dandelion leaves and fenugreek seeds with or without enzyme addition on performance and blood biochemistry of broiler chicken and evaluation of their in vitro antibacterial activity. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 85: 1248-1254.
Direct Link - Qureshi, S., M.T. Banday, I. Shakeel, S. Adil, M.S. Mir, Y.A. Beigh and U. Amin, 2016. Histomorphological studies of broiler chicken fed diets supplemented with either raw or enzyme treated dandelion leaves and fenugreek seeds. Vet. World, 9: 269-275.
CrossRefDirect Link - Schuhmacher, A., J. Reichling and P. Schnitzler, 2003. Virucidal effect of peppermint oil on the enveloped viruses herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro. Phytomedicine, 10: 504-510.
CrossRefDirect Link - Souri, E., G. Amin, A. Dehmobed-Sharifabadi, A. Nazifi and H. Farsam, 2004. Antioxidative activity of sixty plants from Iran. Iran J. Pharmaceut. Res., 3: 55-59.
Direct Link - Spirling, L.I. and I.R. Daniels, 2001. Botanical perspectives on health peppermint: More than just an after-dinner mint. J. R. Soc. Promotion Health, 121: 62-63.
CrossRefDirect Link - Toghyani, M., M. Toghyani, A. Gheisari, G. Ghalamkari and M. Mohammadrezaei, 2010. Growth performance, serum biochemistry and blood hematology of broiler chicks fed different levels of black seed (Nigella sativa) and peppermint (Mentha piperita). Livestock Sci., 129: 173-178.
CrossRefDirect Link - Tufarelli, V., M. Dario and V. Laudadio, 2007. Effect of xylanase supplementation and particle-size on performance of guinea fowl broilers fed wheat-based diets. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 6: 302-307.
CrossRefDirect Link - Wenk, C., 2003. Herbs and botanicals as feed additives in monogastric animals. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 16: 282-289.
CrossRefDirect Link - Yarnell, E. and J.D. Abascal, 2009. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale and T. mongolicum). Integr. Med., 8: 35-38.
Direct Link - Yousuf, S., M.T. Banday and S. Adil, 2011. Nutrient utilization of broiler chicken fed high fiber diets supplemented with enzyme and yeast. Applied Biol. Res., 13: 79-83.
Direct Link - Yousuf, S., M.T. Banday and S. Adil, S. Mir. and M. Rehman, 2012. Efficacy of enzyme and yeast supplements on performance of broiler chicken fed high fiber diets. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 82: 410-414.
Direct Link - Minh, D.V., L. van Huyen, P.C. Thieu, T.Q. Tuan, N.T. Nga and N.Q. Khiem, 2010. Effects of supplementation of ginger (Zigiber officinale) and garlic (Allium sativa L.) extracts (phyto-antibiotics) on digestibility and performance of broiler chicken. Proceedings of the International Conference on Live Stock Production, Climate Change and Resource Depletion, Pakse, Laos, November 9-11, 2010, MEKARN, NAFRI and Champasack University.
Direct Link