L. C. Wang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
D. M. Hooge
Hooge Consulting Service, Inc., Eagle Mountain, UT 84005, USA
C. Wen
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
C. Liang
Micronutrients, Division of Heritage Technologies, LLC, 1550 Research Way, Indianapolis, IN 46231, USA
T. Wang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Y. M. Zhou
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
ABSTRACT
Tri-basic copper chloride (TBCC®, 58% copper; Micronutrients, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA) and copper sulfate pentahydrate (25% copper) were evaluated as dietary supplements at substantially higher than requirement levels for improving growth and carcass characteristics of ducks. Newly hatched Cherry Valley meat-strain ducklings (1,280) were assigned randomly to 4 treatment groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with 1 of the following: 1) 10 mg copper/kg diet from TBCC® (control; standard diets); 2) 150 mg copper/kg from copper sulfate pentahydrate; 3) 150 mg copper/kg from TBCC®; or 4) 0 mg added copper/kg (8.9 and 7.2 mg copper/kg in starter and grower by analysis) but with antibiotic growth promoter (40 mg zinc bacitracin and 40 mg garlicin/kg). Feed/gain ratios of high TBCC® and of antibiotic-fed ducks from 21-42 and 0-42 d were improved (p = 0.045; p = 0.029) vs. control ducks, with high copper sulfate pentahydrate results intermediate. The high TBCC® group had lower (p = 0.045) mortality % 21-42 d than the high copper sulfate pentahydrate group, with control or antibiotic-fed group results intermediate. For the entire trial (0-42d), feed/gain ratios of high TBCC® or antibiotic-fed groups were significantly improved (p = 0.029) compared to control group, with the high copper sulfate pentahydrate group intermediate. The high TBCC® (150 mg copper/kg of feed) significantly lowered feed/gain ratio of meat ducks compared with control (10 mg copper from TBCC®/kg of feed) during the starter, grower and entire trial periods and reduced mortality % compared with high copper sulfate pentahydrate (150 mg copper from copper sulfate pentahydrate/kg of feed) during the grower period.
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How to cite this article
L. C. Wang, D. M. Hooge, C. Wen, C. Liang, T. Wang and Y. M. Zhou, 2010. Effects of Dietary Copper Source and Level on Growth, Organ Weights and Carcass Characteristics of Cherry Valley Meat Ducks. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9: 726-730.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2010.726.730
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2010.726.730
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2010.726.730
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2010.726.730
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