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Research Journal of Medicinal Plants

Year: 2013 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 82-91
Research Article

Chemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils Extracted from the Leaf and Stem of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) Benth

O.T. Asekun
Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
S.O. Okoh
Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
O.B. Familoni
Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
A.J. Afolayan
Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
Natural antioxidants have been proven safe and potent for the treatment and prevention of several human diseases. This study aimed to investigate the chemical profiles and antioxidant activities of essential oils extracted from the leaf and stem of Parkial biglobosa (Jacq) Benth. The leaf and stem of the plant were subjected to hydro-distillation (modified Clevenger apparatus) to obtain essential oils analyzed by GC/MS method. The antioxidant activities of the oils were determined by evaluating their scavenging activities against DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide using different concentrations (0.5, 0.2, 0.05 and 0.025 mg mL-1). Positive controls were vitamin C and rutin. The essential oils extracted from the leaf and stem contained 34 and 15 constituents accounting for 84.9 and 95.9% of the total oil, respectively. Of the 34 eluted, 33 compounds were identified in the leaf essential oil. The major components were limonene (16.0%), hexadecanoic acid (12.5%) and farnesene (10.2%). Thirteen compounds were identified in the stem oil, the major compounds were caryophyllene oxide (16.6%), β-caryophyllene alcohol (14.9%), terpinene-4-ol (12.1%) and β-caryophyllene (8.1%). The three antioxidant assays were concentration dependent with varying antioxidant potentials. The antioxidant activity of the stem and stem oils were similar to that of the standard drugs used. The present findings suggest that the essential oils obtained from the leaf and stem of P. biglobosa posses strong antioxidant potential and can be used to produce natural antioxidants as well as natural food preservatives.
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O.T. Asekun, S.O. Okoh, O.B. Familoni and A.J. Afolayan, 2013. Chemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils Extracted from the Leaf and Stem of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) Benth. Research Journal of Medicinal Plants, 7: 82-91.

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=rjmp.2013.82.91

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