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Pharmacologia

Year: 2015 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 6 | Page No.: 258-263
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Authors

Verginia Georgieva

Roman Tashev

Stiliana Belcheva

Keywords

Research Article

Comparative Study of Learning and Memory Effects of Antihistamines Applied by Different Routes in Rats

Verginia Georgieva, Roman Tashev and Stiliana Belcheva
Background and Objective: H1 receptor blockers, also called antihistamines inhibit the histamine receptors and terminate the effect of the released histamine. They are divided into three generations, according to the time of their synthesis, properties and side effects for therapeutic purposes. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of antihistamines chlorpheniramine (1st generation), Loratadine (2nd generation) and Levocetirizine (3rd generation) applied i.p. and i.c.v. on learning and memory in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A passive avoidance task (step through) was used as a test for learning and memory. Results: Chlorpheniramine (1st generation) applied i.p., at doses of 10 and 20 mg kg-1 impaired learning and memory processes expressed by the shortened latency time on the retention tests (3 and 24 h after training) and by the decreased percentage of rats that have reached the learning criterion while Loratadine (2nd generation) and Levocetirizine (3rd generation) at doses of 10 and 20 mg kg-1 did not affect significantly the performance of rats. The i.c.v. infusion of Chlorpheniramine, Loratadine and Levocetirizine at doses of 10 and 20 μg significantly impaired learning and memory. Comparing the effects of antihistamines after i.p and i.c.v. administration on the step through active avoidance response, it was found that Chlorpheniramine (1st generation) caused a potent inhibition of the avoidance response after its i.p and i.c.v. administration while Loratadine (2nd generation) and Levocetirizine (3rd generation) impaired learning and memory only after i.c.v. application. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the impaired learning and memory effect of antihistamines might be connected with inhibition of brain H1 receptors.
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