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Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2022 | Volume: 22 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 34-41
Research Article

Cajanus cajan (L) Mill Sp. Leaf Extract Exacerbates Acute Renal Injury Induced by Acetaminophen in Albino Rats

Nkiruka Chinonyelum Azubuike
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria
LiveDNA: 234.27023
Chukwugozie N. Okwuosa
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria
Chukwuebuka V. Eze
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria
Chinedu Imo
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Federal University Wukari, P.M.B. 1020, Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria
Background and Objective: Cajanus cajan is traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments due to its antioxidant properties. The present study investigated the effect C. cajan crude aqueous leaf extract (CCLE ) in rats with acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute renal injury. Materials and Methods: Preliminary acute toxicity testing of the extract was conducted to determine the oral median lethal dose (LD50). Twenty rats were divided into five experimental groups labelled (A-E) of 4 rats per cage. Group A served as the normal control group and was given only water and feed. Rats in groups C, D and E received 100 mg kg–1 b.wt., of ascorbic acid, 200 and 500 mg kg–1 of CCLE, respectively once daily for 7 days via oral route using an oral cannula. Thirty min after the daily treatments, 600 mg kg–1 b.wt., of acetaminophen (APAP) was administered orally to rats in groups B-E. At the end of the treatments, blood samples were collected from the animals via retro-orbital puncture for the estimation of serum urea, creatinine and uric acid levels. The rats were sacrificed under anaesthesia and the kidneys were excised for histopathological analysis. Results: Acute toxicity testing showed that CCLE has an oral LD50 of 8000 mg kg–1 b.wt. Serum biochemistry showed a statistically significant increase (p>0.05) in creatinine and uric acid levels in all treatment groups when compared to normal control. Histopathological findings revealed the observable renal injury, with CCLE-treated groups showing more severe histomorphological alterations when compared to the APAP (negative) control. Conclusion: Data obtained suggest that acute toxicity was not observed with C. cajan administration up to 8 g kg–1, however, its co-administration with a high dose of acetaminophen does not protect the kidneys but rather aggravates the acute renal injury.
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Nkiruka Chinonyelum Azubuike, Chukwugozie N. Okwuosa, Chukwuebuka V. Eze and Chinedu Imo, 2022. Cajanus cajan (L) Mill Sp. Leaf Extract Exacerbates Acute Renal Injury Induced by Acetaminophen in Albino Rats. Journal of Biological Sciences, 22: 34-41.

DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2022.34.41

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=jbs.2022.34.41

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