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Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2018 | Volume: 18 | Issue: 5 | Page No.: 243-250
Research Article

Accumulation of Cynarin, the Hepatoprotective Compound, in Ethephon Treated Callus Cultures of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.)

Mohamed Kamal El-Bahr
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre (NRC), 12622 Cairo, Egypt
LiveDNA: 20.23987
Shawky Abd El-Hamid Bekheet
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre (NRC), 12622 Cairo, Egypt
LiveDNA: 20.16991
Ahmed Mohamed Magdy Gabr
Department of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre (NRC), 12622 Cairo, Egypt
Reem El-Shenawy
Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre (NRC), 12622 Cairo, Egypt
Yasmine Sayed El Abd
Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre (NRC), 12622 Cairo, Egypt
Background and Objective: Cynarin, found in globe artichoke, is one of the substances reported to have very strong effect on hepatoprotective properties. The aim of this study is to develop an alternative system for production of hepatoprotective compound, cynarin, from cell cultures of globe artichoke using ethephon as an elicitor. Materials and Methods: Effects of different concentrations (45, 90 and 180 μL L–1) of ethephon used for different periods (6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 days) on callus growth, total phenol, antioxidant activity, cynarin accumulation and antiviral activity were evaluated. Results: The different elicitation treatments of ethephon generally increased cell growth. An inverse relationship was observed between fresh weight and ethephon concentrations. The highest value of total phenol was recorded with 90 μL L–1 ethephon at day 12. However, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained with 180 μL ethephon at day 15. Cynarin was detected in the untreated callus at 6, 9 and 12 days only, while it was detected in ethephon treated callus of all days of growth periods. HPLC analysis revealed that application of 90 μL ethephon at 9 and 12 days caused the highest accumulation of cynarin in callus cultures. Untreated and treated callus cultures at day 12 were assayed for their antiviral activity against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV), using the plaque reduction assay. Treated callus with 45 and 90 μL L–1 ethephon registered high antiviral activity while untreated callus gave moderate activity. However, callus treated with 180 μL L–1 ethephon had the lowest antiviral activity. Conclusion: Cynarin was detected in the untreated cell during growth period till 12 days, while it was detected in ethephon treated cell till 21 days of growth period. The current study suggests that ethephon treated callus extracts with highest cynarin content possess higher antiviral activity and could be an effective agent against viral infections.
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Mohamed Kamal El-Bahr, Shawky Abd El-Hamid Bekheet, Ahmed Mohamed Magdy Gabr, Reem El-Shenawy and Yasmine Sayed El Abd, 2018. Accumulation of Cynarin, the Hepatoprotective Compound, in Ethephon Treated Callus Cultures of Globe Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Journal of Biological Sciences, 18: 243-250.

DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2018.243.250

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=jbs.2018.243.250

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