Submit Manuscript

Asian Journal of Poultry Science

Year: 2015 | Volume: 9 | Issue: 4 | Page No.: 242-249
Research Article

Assessment of Growth Performance and Certain Blood Constituents of Broiler Chicks Given Banana Leaf as a Phytoadditive

Vivian U. Oleforuh- Okoleh
Department of Animal Science, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Jude T. Ogunnupebi
Department of Animal Science, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Justice C. Iroka
Department of Animal Science, Ebonyi State University, P.M.B. 053, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
The aim of this study was to assess the growth performance, hematological and serological assay of broiler chickens given banana (Musa paradisiaca) leaf supplementation. Ninety days-old Marshal straight-run broiler chicks were randomly allocated in a completely randomized design into three treatments, with three replicates per treatment. The treatment groups were denoted as G1, G2 and G3. All chicks were fed ad libitum with same basal diet. Birds on G1 were fed basal diet only (control) whereas, others were fed basal diet supplemented with banana leaf powder and banana leaf infusion at the level of 50 g kg–1 feed (G2) and 50 mL L–1 of drinking water (G3) respectively. Supplementation of banana leaf in the diets of broiler chickens significantly (p<0.05) influenced the final live weight, daily feed intake, daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The banana leaf treated groups had a better performance in all the traits than the control. Mean values of all hematological parameters evaluated (packed cell volume, hemoglobin and red blood cell), except white blood cell, did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between the control and the treated group. Birds in G2 had the highest WBC titre. Reduced glucose level was observed in the treated group. Birds in G2 and G3 had significant (p<0.05) decreases of 54.82 and 46.41%, respectively in serum total cholesterol when compared to the control. Supplementation with banana leaf also significantly (p<0.05) reduced the concentration of low density lipoprotein in the chickens. Though there was an increase in the alanine transaminase, the concentration 16.70 -21.70 IU L–1, was within the normal range for broiler chickens. It was concluded that banana leaf could be safely be used as a phytoadditive in broiler chickens, preferably in the feed.
PDF Fulltext XML References Citation

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Article Trend

Total views 7973

References

  1. Akinyosoye, V.O., 1991. Tropical Agriculture. Macmillan Publishers Ltd., Ibadan.
  2. Alisi, C.S., C.E. Nwanyanwu, C.O. Akujobi and C.O. Ibegbulem, 2008. Inhibition of dehydrogenase activity in pathogenic bacteria isolates by aqueous extracts of Musa paradisiaca (Var Sapientum). Afr. J. Biotechnol., 7: 1821-1825.
    Direct Link
  3. Barbara, A., 2013. The nutritional value of banana leaves. http://www.livestrong.com/article/319930-the-nutritional-value-of-banana-leaves/.
  4. Barnett, H.A. and M.G. O'Gara, 2003. Diabetes and the Heart. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, UK., ISBN-13: 9780443074691, Pages: 120.
  5. Bera, S., S. Bhattacharya, J.N. Pandey and M. Biswas, 2013. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of Musa paradisiaca leaf extracts in mice. J. Adv. Pharm. Educ. Res., 3: 90-93.
    Direct Link
  6. Borges, L.P., V.C. Borges, A.V. Moro, C.W. Nogueira, J.B.T. Rocha and G. Zeni, 2005. Protective effect of diphenyl diselenide on acute liver damage induced by 2-nitropropane in rats. Toxicology, 210: 1-8.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  7. Chu, H.L., D.B. Yeh and J.F. Shaw, 1993. Production of L-DOPA by banana leaf polyphenol oxidase. Bot. Bull.-Academia Sinica, 34: 57-60.
    Direct Link
  8. Crook, M.A., 2006. Clinical Chemistry and Metabolic Medicine. 7th Edn., Hodder Arnold, London, ISBN: 9780340906163, Pages: 426.
  9. Ekwe, O.O., I.I. Osakwe and B.O. Nweze, 2011. The effect of replacing maize with cassava sievate using banana leaves as basal forage in the diet of weaned rabbit. Ozean J. Applied Sci., 4: 51-58.
    Direct Link
  10. Eseyin, A.O., O. Awofisayo, E. Iweh and J.S. Obot, 2010. Hematological effect of the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Musa paradisiaca L. (Musaceae) in rat. Afr. J. Anim. Biomed. Sci., 5: 115-117.
  11. Esonu, B.O., M.N. Opara, I.C. Okoli, H.O. Obikaonu, C. Udedibie and O.O.M. Iheshiulor, 2006. Physiological responses of laying birds to neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf meal-based diets: Body weight organ characteristics and haematology. Online J. Health Allied Sci., Vol. 5, No. 2.
    Direct Link
  12. Fakhim, R., Y. Ebrahimnezhad, H.R. Seyedabadi and T. Vahdatpour, 2013. Effect of different concentrations of aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on performance and carcass characteristics of male broiler chickens in wheat-soybean meal based diets. J. BioSci. Biotechnol., 2: 95-99.
    Direct Link
  13. Feedipedia, 2011. Animal feed resources information system. FRA: Inra-Cirad-AFZ-FAO, Rome, Italy.
  14. Fomunyam, R., 1984. Cabbage and plantain/banana leaf in rabbit diets. Proceedings of the 3rd World Rabbit Congress, Volume 1, April 4-8, 1984, Rome, Italy, pp: 415-422.
  15. Ghazalah, A.A. and A.M. Ali, 2008. Rosemary leaves as a dietary supplement for growth in broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 7: 234-239.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  16. Gidenne, T., 1985. Effect of feeding banana in addition to a concentrated diet on the digestion in growing rabbits. Cuni Sci., 3: 1-6.
  17. Greaves, P., 2007. Histopathology of Preclinical Toxicity Studies: Interpretation and Relevance in Drug Safety Evaluation. 3rd Edn., Academic Press, New York, USA.
  18. Heuze, V. and G. Tran, 2015. Papaya (Carica papaya) fruits, leaves and by-products. Feedipedia, a Programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO, May 2015. http://www.feedipedia.org/node/522.
  19. Kailash, P. and P. Varalakshmi, 1992. Effect of banana stem juice on biochemical changes in liver of normal and hyperoxaluric rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 30: 440-442.
    PubMed
  20. Kakengi, A.M.V., J.T. Kaijage, S.V. Sarwatt, S.K. Mutayoba, M.N. Shem and T. Fujihara, 2007. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a substitute for sunflower seed meal on performance of laying hens in Tanzania. Livest. Res. Rural Dev., Vol. 19.
    Direct Link
  21. Kappel, V.D., L.H. Cazarolli, D.F. Pereira, B.G. Postal and F.A. Madoglio et al., 2013. Beneficial effects of banana leaves (Musa x Paradisiaca) on glucose homeostasis: Multiple sites of action. Revista Brasileira Farmacognosia, 23: 706-715.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  22. Karadi, R.V., A. Shah, P. Parekh and P. Azmi, 2011. Antimicrobial activities of Musa paradisiaca and Cocos nucifera. Int. J. Res. Pharmaceut. Biomed. Sci., 2: 264-267.
    Direct Link
  23. Kehinde, A.S., A.J. Omole, A.O. Bobadoye and C.O. Obun, 2010. Growth performance and nutrients digestibility of cockerel chicks fed diets containing graded levels of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Proceedings of the 30th Conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production, March 14-17, 2010, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, pp: 356-356.
  24. Manan, A., N. Chand, S. Khan, M.S. Qureshi, Altaf-Ur-Rehman and B. Jan, 2012. Effect of periodic supplementation of herbal infusion on the liver function and lipid profile of broiler chickens. Sarhad J. Agric., 28: 75-82.
    Direct Link
  25. Marin, A., D. Carias, C.A. Maria and P. Hevia, 2003. [Nutritive value of leaves of Musa paradisiaca and Clitoria ternatea as dilutents in diets for broilers]. Interciencia, 28: 51-56, (In Spanish).
    Direct Link
  26. Fraser, C.M., 1986. The Merck Veterinary Manual: A Handbook of Diagnosis, Therapy and Disease Prevention and Control for the Veterinarian. 6th Edn., Merck and Co., Ranway, NJ., USA., ISBN-13: 9780911910537, pp: 1-903.
  27. Mitruka, B.M. and H.M. Rawnsley, 1981. Clinical Biochemical and Hematological Reference Values in Normal Experimental Animals and Normal Humans. 2nd Edn., Masson Publ., New York, USA., ISBN-13: 9780893521639, Pages: 413.
  28. Mmereole, F.U.C., 2010. Effects of lemmon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) leaf meal feed supplement on growth performance of broiler chicks. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 9: 1107-1111.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  29. Oleforuh-Okoleh, V.U., G.C. Chukwu and A.I. Adeolu, 2014. Effect of ground ginger and garlic on the growth performance, carcass quality and economics of production of broiler chickens. Global J. Bio-Sci. Biotechnol., 3: 225-229.
    Direct Link
  30. Oleforuh-Okoleh, V.U., S.O. Olorunleke and I.J. Nte, 2015. Comparative response of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) infusion administration on performance, haematology and serum biochemistry of broiler chicks. Asian J. Anim. Sci., 9: 217-224.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  31. Portugaliza, H.P. and T.J. Fernandez Jr., 2012. Growth performance of Cobb broilers given varying concentrations of Malunggay (Moringa oleifera Lam.) aqueous leaf extract. Online J. Anim. Feed Res., 2: 465-469.
    Direct Link
  32. Puvaca, N., V. Stanacev, D. Glamocic, J. Levic, L. Peric, V. Stanacev and D. Milic, 2013. Beneficial effects of phytoadditives in broiler nutrition. World's Poult. Sci., 69: 27-34.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  33. Ray, S.M.D., 2013. Banana leaf extract supplement health benefit and side effects. Herbal Medicine from the Philippines, pp: 1-2.
  34. Rifki, H., 2011. Benefits of banana leaves for skin. http://healthyinsid3.blogspot.com/2011/12/benefits-of-banana-leaves-for-skin.html.
  35. Walker, C., 2015. The benefits of epigallocatechin gallate. http://www.livestrong.com/article/282106-the-benefits-of-epigallocatechin-gallate/.
  36. Wasan, K.M., S. Najafi, J. Wong, M. Kwong and P.H. Pritchard, 2001. Assessing plasma lipid levels, body weight and hepatic and renal toxicity following chronic oral administration of a water soluble phytostanol compound, FM-VP4, to gerbils. J. Pharm. Pharmaceut. Sci., 4: 228-234.
    PubMedDirect Link
  37. Kimambo, A.E. and H.M.H. Muya, 1991. Rumen degradation of dry matter and organic matter of different parts of the banana plant. Livestock Res. Rural Dev., Vol. 3, No. 3.
    Direct Link

Keywords