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Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances

Year: 2012 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 7 | Page No.: 588-596
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Authors

A. Chezhian

D. Senthamilselvan

N. Kabilan

Keywords

Research Article

Histological Changes Induced by Ammonia and pH on the Gills of Fresh Water Fish Cyprinus carpio var. communis (Linnaeus)

A. Chezhian, D. Senthamilselvan and N. Kabilan
Ammonia is one of the serious problems in fish culture especially in recirculation systems, aquaria and fish ponds. The effect of ammonia exposure at different pH levels on gills of common carp Cyprinus carpio was studied for 96 h. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of ammonia for 96 h was 22 ppm, ammonia with low pH (5.0) was 27 ppm and ammonia with high pH (8.0) was 18 ppm. In the present study ammonia and different pH levels induced several changes in the fish gills like lamellar fusion, edema, hyperplasia, chloride cell proliferation and fusion in secondary lamella as compared with control. The impact of gill epithelium was less in ammonia and ammonia with low pH exposed fish than ammonia with high pH exposed fish. These parameters are indicative of pH dependence of ammonia toxicity and gill histology may be used as early indicators of toxicity in aquatic animals.
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