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Journal of Applied Sciences

Year: 2011 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 15 | Page No.: 2700-2711
Research Article

Covalent Functionalization for Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube (f-MWCNT)-Folic Acid Bound Bioconjugate

Jacob M. Ngoy
School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa
Sunny E. Iyuke
School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa
Wilhelm E. Neuse
School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa
Clarence S. Yah
Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH), 25 Hospital Street, Constitutional Hill, Johannesburg, South Africa
In the current concept, covalently functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as a bioconjugate to folic acid (FA); an essential, bioavailable water soluble B-complex vitamin which is usually expressed on the surfaces of most tumoral cells was used. This was rendered possible through the design of a bioreversible binding water-soluble and biocompatible functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs). The MWCNT was synthesized through the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). The MWCNTs were covalently functionalized with sulphuric and nitric acids (3:1) at Room Temperature (RT), 50 and 100°C to generate the phenol and carboxyl groups. Furthermore, aspartic acid at 230°C was used to generate the carboxyl f-MWCNTs groups. The CNTs and f-MWCNTs were both characterized with the aid of a Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The results showed a decreased in mol ratio (COOH/OH) of the f-CNTs from 80 to 20 nm as the temperature increases from RT to 100°C. The f-CNTs carboxyl were attached to 3-(N, N-dimethylamino) propylamine (DMP) and FA through 2-(1H-benzotrial-1-yl)-1, 1,3,3-tetramethylurium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU) to generate f-CNTs-FA conjugates. The results of the high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (H1NMR) and infrared (IR) spectra showed CONH peak shifts bond bioreversible conjugation of FA at 94 and 101.3% and sizes 50 and 170 nm, respectively. The f-MWNT-FA moieties thereby have a greater versatility and can be used for the treatment and restoration of neoplasma cells.
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