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International Journal of Pharmacology

Year: 2011 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 6 | Page No.: 690-696
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Authors

Dhaval Rathod

Hordik Dodiya

Sunita Goswami

Keywords

Research Article

Effect of Nicorandil: A Potassium Channel Opener against Experimentally-induced Hyperlipidemia

Dhaval Rathod, Hordik Dodiya and Sunita Goswami
Hypercholesterolemia often occurs in conjunction with other metabolic risk factors including glucose intolerance, obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndromes. Nicorandil is a potassium channel opener and Nitric Oxide (NO) donor. The aim of study was to evaluate pharmacological effect of nicorandil (2 mg kg-1, orally) on different lipid levels, enzyme-hydroxymethylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and antioxidant enzymes. The lipid parameters, HMG-CoA reductase activity and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in poloxamer-407 (acute model) and high-cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia (chronic model) in Sprague dawley rats. The animals were divided into four group’s viz., normal, high cholesterol diet (control), atorvastatin and nicorandil treated animals. In poloxamer-407-induced acute hyperlipidemia model, blood samples were collected at 15 and 24 h period. In high-fat diet-induced model, animals were given respective treatment for the period of twenty one days. Lipid parameters were commonly measured in both the models and compared with reference standard (atorvastatin; 50 mg kg-1). In high fat diet model, antioxidant parameters were additionally measured in the terms of lipid peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH). High cholesterol diet and poloxamer-407 caused a significant increase in lipid parameters in rats. Nicorandil pre-treatment showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoproteins-cholestero l(VLDL-C) and atherogenic index (AI) in both the models. The results were comparable with that of atorvastatin treated animals. Further, nicorandil showed significant decrease in MDA and SOD along with significant increase in GSH and CAT against high-fat diet model. Based on our data, it is suggested that nicorandil possess hypolipidemic activity. The mechanism of action of this antihyperlipidemic activity of nicorandil could be attributed to its releasing nitric oxide property and inhibiting oxidative stress.
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