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| Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Saudi Arabia Agricultural Soils |
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M.I. Al- Wabel,
M.H. El- Saeid,
A.M. Al- Turki and G. Abdel- Nasser |
Abstract:
The objective of our study was to monitor the multiple pesticide residues in soil samples collected from 15 regions around the Saudi Arabia. Fifteen regions were selected at Central (Dereiah, Deirab, Kharj, Mezahmiah and Qaseem); East (Qatif, Al-Hasa and Haradh); West (Taif); North (Tabouk, Jouf and Hail) and South (Abha, Gizan, Wadi Al-Dwaser) of Saudi Arabia to perform the survey process of pesticide residues. Soil samples were collected from nine sites for each region from surface layer (0-30 cm depth) and sub-surface layer (30-60 cm depth). A simple Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) technique and gas chromatography with mass spectrometer detector were modified and applied as extraction and analytical techniques, respectively. The major groups of pesticides tested were Organochlorines (OCPs), Organophosphorus (OPPs), Carbamates, Pyrethroids (PYR) and Herbicides in different soil samples. The overall data showed that the highest concentration of pesticide residues was differed according to the pesticide type, soil layer and regions. Twelve pesticide residues were detected in soil samples collected from different regions and ranged as follows; Dimethoate (0.007-0.700 mg kg-1); Chloroneb (0.011-0.4 mg kg-1); Methomyl (0.018-0.405 mg kg-1); Oxamyl (0.014-0.150 mg kg-1); Toxaphen (0.006-0.162 mg kg-1); pp-DDT (0.080-0.575 mg kg-1); pp-DDE (0.1-0.525 mg kg-1); Monocrotophos (0.021-0.047 mg kg-1); Chlorpyrifos (0.12-0.24 mg kg-1); Diazinon (0.024 mg kg-1); Cypermethrin (0.012-0.205 mg kg-1) and Lindane (0.290-394 mg kg-1). The results indicated that Dimethoate, Chloroneb, Methomyl, Oxamyl and Toxaphen were the more contamination sources in the studied regions. Also, Gizan region was more contaminated with pesticide residues followed by Wadi Al-Dwaser and Abha regions.
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How to cite this article:
M.I. Al- Wabel, M.H. El- Saeid, A.M. Al- Turki and G. Abdel- Nasser, 2011. Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Saudi Arabia Agricultural Soils. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 5: 269-278.
DOI: 10.3923/rjes.2011.269.278
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=rjes.2011.269.278
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