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Journal of Applied Sciences

Year: 2019 | Volume: 19 | Issue: 8 | Page No.: 747-755
Review Article

A Review on the Availability and Economics of Rice Milling Waste as Animal Feeding Stuff in Nigeria

Nwandu Peter Ifeanyichukwu
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
Eboh Sule
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Oyedapo Folasade Adebisi
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Okpanachi Uchele
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
LiveDNA: 234.26436
ORCID: 0000-0002-1397-4467
The need to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) numbers 1, 2 and 6, the increase in the world population, the high cost of conventional feeding stuffs and inadequate protein intake in most developing countries have shifted the attention of scientists to find alternative sources of feeding stuff. One of such alternative ways includes the waste associated with the milling of rice. This review was aimed at pulling information on rice milling waste together in order to provide information for researchers and also to bring to the knowledge of researchers that rice milling waste is a cheap and available feeding stuff. Rice milling waste (RMW) is one of the commonest agro-industrial wastes generated in large quantities in most parts of Nigeria, causing environmental pollution if not harnessed. Literature materials from different authors on the availability and use of rice milling waste were pulled together to show that rice milling waste is in abundant supply and it has been used to feed various species of animals such as poultry, rabbit, ram and fish. The review showed that RMW is made up of the husk, bran and broken pieces and it is of very high quantity in Nigeria as documented by several authors. Moreover, it was also revealed that diets formulated with RMW (especially after been treated) at different inclusion levels had no adverse effects on body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio and carcass quality. Its use results in saving cost, production of meat at a cheaper cost and improved performance. In this way, the large amounts being dumped as waste can be prevented which pose disposal problems and bring about methane emissions. The disposal problems posed by RMW have led to indiscriminate burning of the waste, resulting in environmental pollution and loss of land. Inclusion of different levels of RMW is quite acceptable in the diets of most livestock species. Rice milling waste is in abundant supply and very cheap. It is a by-product of the rice milling industries, which comprises of rice bran, rice husk and broken pieces of rice. Processing of RMW ensures better utilization by animals and it has been fed to several species of animals. The use of RMW is cost effective and without adverse effects to the animals. The use of RMW as an alternative source of feeding is therefore strongly recommended.
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