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Biotechnology

Year: 2008 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 224-232
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Authors

O. Ombori

N.M. Gitonga

J. Machuka

Keywords

Research Article

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryos of Tropical Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines

O. Ombori, N.M. Gitonga and J. Machuka
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration was achieved from immature embryos of six maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines (CML216, CML78, CML331, TL18, TL27 and MU25). Callus was initiated on N6 medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D, 3% sucrose, 10 mg L-1 silver nitrate, 100 mg L-1 casein hydrolysate and 2.875 mg L-1 proline. Embryogenic callus was formed within two weeks of culture in callus maintenance medium. The concentration of 2,4-D, genotype and age of embryos had a significant effect (p<0.5) on the percentage of primary and embryogenic callus formed. The induction of primary callus ranged between 0 and 97% and embryogenic callus ranged between 0 and 70%. Somatic embryos were matured on N6 medium supplemented with 6% sucrose and 1 mg L-1 NAA. Embryogenic calli formed plantlets when it was transferred into the regeneration medium containing MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose. The number of shoots formed ranged from 0 to 9.5 per plate. Callus initiation and plant regeneration were genotype dependent. CML216 had the highest number of shoots formed per culture. Regenerated plants were transferred into half MS medium supplemented with IBA for the development of healthy roots. Regenerated plants were successfully transferred into the greenhouse and into the field and they grew to maturity and set seeds in Ro and R1 generations.
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