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American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development

Year: 2013 | Volume: 3 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 194-199
Research Article

Effects of Ethanol Extract of Sida acuta Leaves on Some Organ Function Parameters and Physiologically Important Electrolytes in Normal Wistar Albino Rats

V.H.A. Enemor
Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
LiveDNA: 234.30818
ORCID: 0009-0005-3404-0806
V.N. Okoye
Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
U.L. Awoke
Department of Biochemistry, Madonna University, Elele Campus, Nigeria
Ethanol extract of Sida acuta leaves was administered to wistar albino rats to monitor the effects of the plant components on some organ function parameters including creatinine, urea and bilirubin, as well as some physiologically important electrolytes. Thirty six animals, divided into six groups of six animals each and labeled A, B, C, D, E and F were used. Doses of the extract 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg kg-1 b.wt., were administered daily for two weeks to groups A, B, C, D and E, respectively. The animals in group F (control) were sustained on normal diet and water during the studies. Creatinine was assayed by the Jaffe reaction whereas urea was analyzed using diacetyl monoxime reaction. Bilirubin measurement was carried out by diazotized sulphanilic acid reaction. Chloride was analyzed by use of Randox reagent kit while sodium and potassium were done by means of flame photometer. Decreases (p>0.05) in mean concentrations (mg dL-1) of both urea and creatinine were recorded for all the test groups, comparative to the control. Serum bilirubin concentrations (mg dL-1) were relatively nonsignificantly affected by the extract. Studies on electrolytes showed significant decreases in serum Na+ concentration (mmol L-1) for doses 300 mg kg-1 b.wt. and above. Similarly, K+ and HCO3¯ concentrations (mmol L-1) were reduced significantly whereas Cl¯ concentrations (mmol L-1) were significantly increased for all the experimental groups, comparative to the control. However, notwithstanding that Sida acuta extract may not impair liver and kidney functions, possible effects on fluid and electrolyte balance should be seriously monitored.
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