Submit Manuscript

American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development

Year: 2013 | Volume: 3 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 181-187
Research Article

Survey on Salmonella Infection Rate in Horses of Some Horse Riding Clubs Southern Iran

Ali Ghorbani Ranjbry
Young Researchers Club, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
Nazanin Ghorbani Ranjbry
Young Researchers Club, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
Zahra Ghorbani Ranjbry
Khormshahar Marine Science, Technology University, Iran
In this survey which was taken in 7 horse riding clubs in Ahvaz, the rate of Salmonella infection in apparently healthy horses were investigated. The Fecal samples were collected from 129 horses and cultured between April 2011 to January 2012. The sampling and culture were done 5 times in two week intervals for each horse. Isolation and identification of Salmonella from fecal samples were done according to routine bacteriological and PCR methods. The results of this survey showed that 3 (2.32%) horse was infected with Salmonella and it was identified as Salmonella enteritidis. Among the separated Salmonellas 93% were resist to Ampicillin, 16.5% to Tetracycline and 40.5% to Kanamycin, but all of them were sensitive to Gentamicin in this antibiotic resistance test.
PDF Fulltext XML References Citation

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Article Trend

Total views 1871

References

  1. Majowicz, S.E., J. Musto, E. Scallan, F.J. Angulo and M. Kirk et al., 2010. The global burden of nontyphoidal Salmonella gastroenteritis. Clin. Infect. Dis., 50: 882-889.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  2. Voetsch, A.C., T.J. van Gilder, F.J. Angulo, M.M. Farley and S. Shallow et al., 2004. FoodNet estimate of the burden of illness caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella infections in the United States. Clin. Infect. Dis., 38: S127-S134.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  3. Mead, P.S., L. Slutsker, V. Dietz, L.F. McCaig and J.S. Bresee et al., 1999. Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 5: 607-625.
    Direct Link
  4. Chalker, R.B. and M.J. Blaser, 1988. A review of human Salmonellosis: III. magnitude of Salmonella infection in the United States. Rev. Infect. Dis., 10: 111-124.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  5. EFSA, 2008. Scientific opinion of the panel on biological hazards on a request from the European commission on a quantitative microbiological risk assessment on Salmonella in meat: Source attribution for human Salmonellosis from meat. EFSA J., 625: 1-32.
  6. Lanzieri, G., 2008. Population in Europe 2007: First results. Eurostat Statistics in Focus, 81/2008.
  7. CDC, 2010. Preliminary food net data on the incidence of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep., 59: 418-422.
    Direct Link
  8. D'Aoust, J.Y., 1978. Salmonella in commercial pet foods. Can. Vet. J., 19: 99-100.
    PubMedDirect Link
  9. CDC, 2008. Update: Recall of dry dog and cat food products associated with human Salmonella Schwarzengrund infections-United States, 2008. MMWR, 57: 1200-1202.
  10. Doyle, M.E., C. Kaspar, J. Archer and R. Klos, 2009. White paper on human illness caused by Salmonella from all food and non-food vectors. FRI Briefings: Salmonella Human Illness from Food and Non-food Sources.
  11. USDA, 2010. Economic research service. United States Department of Agriculture, Foodborne Illness Cost Calculator.
  12. Wenkoff, M.S., 1973. A review and case report. Salmonella typhimurium septicemia in foals. Can. Vet. J., 14: 284-287.
    PubMed
  13. Begg, A.P., K.G. Johnston, D.R. Hutchins and D.J. Edwards, 1988. Some aspects of the epidemiology of equine Salmonellosis. Aust. Vet. J., 65: 221-223.
    PubMed
  14. Smith, B.P., K. Timm, S. Jahn and M. Reina-Guerra, 1980. Salmonellosis in a group of ponies: Failure to identify a chronic active carrier. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 176: 215-216.
    PubMed
  15. Roberts, M.C. and D.A. O'Boyle, 1982. Experimental Salmonella anatum infection in horses. Aust. Vet. J., 58: 232-240.
    PubMed
  16. Morse, E.V., M.A. Duncan, E.A. Page and J.F. Fessler, 1976. Salmonellosis in equidae: A study of 23 cases. Cornell Vet., 66: 198-213.
    PubMed
  17. McCain, C.S. and K.C. Powell, 1990. Asymptomatic Salmonellosis in healthy adult horses. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 2: 236-237.
    PubMed
  18. Ikeda, J.S., D.C. Hirsh, S.S. Jang and E.L. Biberstein, 1986. Characteristics of Salmonella isolated from animals at a veterinary medical teaching hospital. Am. J. Vet. Res., 47: 232-235.
    PubMed
  19. Blikslager, A.T., D.A. Wilson, D.S. Taylor, K.E. MacFadden, J.R. Fischer and W.H. Fales, 1991. Salmonella typhimurium abscess as a postoperative complication in a horse with colic. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 199: 1757-1759.
    PubMed
  20. Platt, H., 1973. Septicaemia in the foal: A review of 61 cases. Br. Vet. J., 129: 221-229.
    PubMed
  21. Ernst, N.S., J.A. Hernandez, R.J. MacKay, M.P. Brown and J.M. Gaskin et al., 2004. Risk factors associated with fecal Salmonella shedding among hospitalized horses with signs of gastrointestinal tract disease. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 225: 275-281.
    PubMed
  22. Donahue, J.M., 1986. Emergence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella agona in horses in Kentucky. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 188: 592-594.
    PubMed
  23. Kumar, S. and B.K. Gupta, 1972. Salmonella anatum from an aborted foal. Br. Vet. J., Vol. 128.
  24. Anderson, G.D. and D.R. Lee, 1976. Salmonella in horses: A source of contamination of horsemeat in a packing plant under federal inspection. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 31: 661-663.
    PubMed
  25. Roberts, M.C. and D.A. O'Boyle, 1981. The prevalence and epizootiology of Salmonellosis among groups of horses in south east Queensland. Aust. Vet. J., 57: 27-35.
    PubMed
  26. Cortez, A.L.L., A.C.F.B. Carvalho, A.A. Ikuno, K.P. Burger and A.M.C. Vidal-Martins, 2006. Identification of Salmonella sp. isolates from chicken abattoirs by M-PCR. Vet. Sci., 81: 340-344.
    CrossRef
  27. Quinn, P.J., M.E. Carter, B. Markey and G.R. Carter, 1994. Clinical Veterinari Microbiology. Wolf Press, London, pp: 95-102.
  28. Adesiym, A., N. Offiah, N. Seepersadsingh, S. Rodrigo, V. Lashley and L. Musai, 2007. Antimicrobial resistance of Salmaonela spp. and Escherichia coli lsolated from table eggs. Food Control, 18: 306-311.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  29. Van duijkeren, E., W.J. Wannet, M.E. Heck, W. Van pelt M.M.S. van oldruitenborgh-oosterbaan, J.A. Smit and D.J. Houwers, 2002. Sero types, phage types and antibiotic susceptibilities of Salmonella strains isolated from horses in the Netherlands from 1993 to 2000. Vet. Microbiol., 86: 203-212.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  30. Horby, P.W., S.J. O'brien, G.K. Adak, C. Graham and J.I. Hawker et al., 2003. A national outbreak of multi-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type (DT) 104 associated with consumption of lettuce. Epidemiol. Infect., 130: 169-178.
    PubMed
  31. Zheng, J., C.E. Keys, S. Zhao, R. Ahmed, J. Meng and E.W. Brown, 2011. Simultaneous analysis of multiple enzymes increases accuracy of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in assigning genetic relationships among homogeneous Salmonella strains. J. Clin. Microbiol., 49: 85-94.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  32. Thorsteinsdottir, T.R., K.G. Kristinsson and E. Gunnarsson, 2007. Antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution among Salmonella spp. in pigs and poultry in Iceland, 2001-2005. Microb. Drug Resist., 13: 295-300.
    CrossRefPubMed
  33. Dargatz, D.A. and J.L. Traub-Dargatz, 2004. Multidrug-resistant Salmonella and nosocomial infections. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Equine Pract., 20: 587-600.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  34. Lawson, A.J., M. Desai, S.J. O'brien, R.H. Davies, L.R. Ward and E.J. Threlfall, 2004. Molecular characterisation of an outbreak strain of multiresistant Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium DT104 in the UK. Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 10: 143-147.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  35. Rayamajhi, N., S.G. Kang, M.L. Kang, H.S. Lee, K.Y. Park and H.S. Yoo, 2008. Assessment of antibiotic resistance phenotype and integrons in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolated from swine. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 70: 1133-1137.
    PubMed
  36. Espie, E., H. De valk, V. Vaillant, N. Quelquejeu, F. Le querrec and F.X. Weill, 2005. An outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Newport infections linked to the consumption of imported horse meat in France. Epidemiol. Infect., 133: 373-376.
    PubMed
  37. Doorduyn, Y., A. Hofhuis, C. de jager, W. Van der zwaluw, D. Notermans and W. van pelt, 2008. Salmonella typhimurium outbreaks in the Netherlands in 2008. Eurosurveillance, Vol. 13.
  38. Adams, R.H., 1995. Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 7th Edn., lowa State University Press, Ames, ISBN: 9780813817415, pp: 1112-1114.
  39. Graziani, C., L. Busani, A.M. Dionisi, C. Lucarell and S. Owczarek et al., 2008. Antimicrobial resitance in Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium from human and animail sources in Itali. Vet. Microbiol., 128: 414-418.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  40. Pan, Z.M., X.Q. Wang, X.M. Zhang, S.Z. Geng and X. Chen et al., 2009. Changes in antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Pullorum isolates in China from 1962 to 2007. Vet. Microbiol., 136: 387-392.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  41. Roberts, M.C. and D.A. O'Boyle, 1981. The prevalence and epizootiology of Salmonellosis among groups of horses in south east Queensland. Aust. Vet. J., 57: 27-35.
    PubMed

Keywords