Effects of Combined Treatment of Tithonia diversifolia and Chloroquine on Selected Organs of Chloroquine Resistant Plasmodium yeolii Infected Mice


	Asian Journal of Biological Sciences
	Year: 2018 \| Volume: 11 \| Issue: 2 \| Page No.: 58-72 DOI: 10.3923/ajbs.2018.58.72

Effects of Combined Treatment of Tithonia diversifolia and Chloroquine on Selected Organs of Chloroquine Resistant Plasmodium yeolii Infected Mice

Omoboyowa Damilola Alex

, Nwodo Fred and Joshua Parker Elijah

Abstract: Background and Objective: The influence of orthodox drugs-plants based combination therapy on the organs function remains the basis of toxicity study. This study evaluated the effects of ethanol leaf extract and bio-active fraction of Tithonia diversifolia administered singly and in combination with chloroquine on selected organs using chloroquine resistant Plasmodium yeolii (P. yeolii ^R) infected mice. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six mice were divided into 12 groups of 8 mice each (n = 8). Groups II to XII mice were infected with P. yeolii ^R and treated with varying doses of crude ethanol extract and bio-active fraction of T. diversifolia leaf singly and in combination with chloroquine. Liver marker enzymes, kidney function test and organs’ histology of the experimental animals were assayed using standard protocol. Data obtained were analyzed using one way analysis of variance, followed by post hoc multiple comparison test using SPSS software. Results: The infected mice treated with antimalarial drugs (chloroquine and artemether) and varying doses of the crude extract and bioactive fraction (C70:M30) singly and in combination with therapeutic dose of chloroquine showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities compared with the infected mice administered 0.2 mL of distilled water. Co-administration of bioactive fraction and chloroquine to parasitized mice showed significant (p<0.05) higher total protein concentration compared with the parasitized mice administered 0.2 mL of distilled water. The infected mice administered 0.2 mL of distilled water showed significant (p<0.05) increase in total protein, urea and creatinine level compared with the normal control mice. Histological examination of the liver revealed that, combination of low dose of extract with chloroquine showed a mild hepatitis with mild degeneration of the liver cells. However, hemozoin pigment deposition tends to be more in the low dose compared with the high dose of extract treated mice. The examined sections of the kidney showed the normal renal histo-architecture. Conclusion: This study showed the therapeutic effects of synergistic treatment of T. diversifolia and chloroquine in alleviating hepatotoxicity resulting from chloroquine resistant P. yeolii.

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How to cite this article:

Omoboyowa Damilola Alex, Nwodo Fred and Joshua Parker Elijah, 2018. Effects of Combined Treatment of Tithonia diversifolia and Chloroquine on Selected Organs of Chloroquine Resistant Plasmodium yeolii Infected Mice. Asian Journal of Biological Sciences, 11: 58-72.

DOI: 10.3923/ajbs.2018.58.72

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajbs.2018.58.72

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