Submit Manuscript

Asian Journal of Animal Sciences

Year: 2017 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 47-53
Research Article

Effects of Doses and Different Sources of Tannins on in vitro Ruminal Methane, Volatile Fatty Acids Production and on Bacteria and Protozoa Populations

R.W.S. Ningrat
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, 25163 Padang, Indonesia
LiveDNA: 62.7545
Mardiati Zain
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, 25163 Padang, Indonesia
Erpomen
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, 25163 Padang, Indonesia
Heny Suryani
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, 25163 Padang, Indonesia
Background and Objective: Tannins have the ability to bind protein and can act to increase animal productivity by rendering protein inactive in the rumen and releasing it post-rumen for use by the animal for meat or milk production.This study was to determine the effect of supplementation of tannin from two different sources at different doses to ammoniated oil palm frond on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics. Source of tannin is Gambier Leaves Waste (GLW) from Payakumbuh and Painan, two different districts in West Sumatera province. Doses of GLW on dry matter bases. Materials and Methods: The experiment was arranged in a block randomized design with seven treatments and three replications. The treatments were A = oil palm frond was treated with 4% urea, B1 = A+10% GLW Payakumbuh, B2 = A+ 15% GLW Payakumbuh, B3 = A+20% GLW Payakumbuh, C1 = A+10% GLW Painan, C2 = A+ 15% GLW Painan and C3 = A+20% GLW Painan. Variables measured were methane production, DM, OM, NDF and ADF digestibility, concentration of NH3-N, partial VFAs, microbial protein synthesis, population of rumen bacteria and protozoa and ruminal fluid pH. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and differences among means were tested using Duncan. Results: The results showed that the supplementation of GLW were significantly (p<0.05) increased degradability, fermentability and reduce methane gas production. The treatment had no significant effect (p>0.05) on ruminal fluid pH, propionate production and population of bacteria. The DM digestibility increased from 48.45 (Treatment A)-52.95% (Treatment B2) and OM digestibility 51.34 (Treatment A)-57.30% (Treatment B2). The concentration of VFAs increased from 71.00-95.78 mM. Molar proportion of VFAs was shifted from acetate to propionate production and reduced the ratio of acetate to propionate. The rumen pH with supplementation of tannins is relatively more stable. Methane production decreased from 27.22 (Treatment A)-12.67 mM (Treatment B2) and to 15.13 mM (Treatment C1). The methane production reduced to 53% (Treatment B2) and 45% (Treatment C1) compare control. Conclusion: These results showed that 15% GLW Payakumbuh and 10% GLW Painan was suitable to be used as doses and source of tannins but the supplementation of 15% GLW Payakumbuh give the best results on digestibility and in reducing methane gas production.
PDF Fulltext XML References Citation

How to cite this article

R.W.S. Ningrat, Mardiati Zain, Erpomen and Heny Suryani, 2017. Effects of Doses and Different Sources of Tannins on in vitro Ruminal Methane, Volatile Fatty Acids Production and on Bacteria and Protozoa Populations. Asian Journal of Animal Sciences, 11: 47-53.

DOI: 10.3923/ajas.2017.47.53

URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajas.2017.47.53

Related Articles

Effects of Supplementation of Different Sources of Tannins on Nutrient Digestibility, Methane Production and Daily Weight Gain of Beef Cattle Fed on Ammoniated Oil Palm Frond Based Diet
Supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Sapindus rarak in Diet Based of Oil Palm Frond (OPF) on Nutrient Digestibility and Daily Weight Gain of Goat
Effect of Defaunation and Supplementation Methionine Hydroxy Analogue and Branched Chain Amino Acid in Growing Sheep Diet Based on Palm Press Fiber Ammoniated

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Article Trend

Total views 4323

References

  1. Zain, M., J. Rahman, Khasrad and Erpomen, 2016. Supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Sapindus rarak in diet based of Oil Palm Frond (OPF) on nutrient digestibility and daily weight gain of goat. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 11: 314-318.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  2. Suryani, H., M. Zain, R.W.S. Ningrat and N. Jamarun, 2016. Supplementation of Virgin Coconut oil (VC) on in vitro fermentability, degradability and methane production of ammoniated palm frond. (In Process).
  3. Kreuzer, M. and C.R. Soliva, 2008. Nutrition: Key to methane mitigation in ruminants. Proc. Soc. Nutr. Physiol., 17: 168-171.
    Direct Link
  4. McSweeney, C.S., B. Palmer, D.M. McNeill and D.O. Krause, 2001. Microbial interactions with tannins: Nutritional consequences for ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 91: 83-93.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  5. Jayanegara, A., I. Ikhsan and T. Toharmat, 2013. Assessment of methane estimation from volatile fatty acid stoichiometry in the rumen in vitro. J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric., 38: 103-108.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  6. Makkar, H.P.S., 2003. Effects and fate of tannins in ruminant animals, adaptation to tannins, and strategies to overcome detrimental effects of feeding tannin-rich feeds. Small Ruminant Res., 49: 241-256.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  7. Zain, M., T. Sutardi, Suryahadi and N. Ramli, 2008. Effect of defaunation and supplementation methionine hydroxy analogue and branched chain amino acid in growing sheep diet based on palm press fiber ammoniated. Pak. J. Nutr., 7: 813-816.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  8. Anggraini, T., A. Tai, T. Yoshino and T. Itani, 2011. Antioxidative activity and catechin content of four kinds of Uncaria gambir extracts from West Sumatra, Indonesia. Afr. J. Biochem. Res., 5: 33-38.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  9. Tilley, J.M.A. and R.A. Terry, 1963. A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass Forage Sci., 18: 104-111.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  10. AOAC., 2007. Official Method of Analysis. 18th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemist, Gaithersburg, MD., USA.
  11. Ogimoto, K. and S. Imai, 1981. Atlas of Rumen Microbiology. Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, ISBN: 9784762202643, Pages: 231.
    Direct Link
  12. Moss, A.R., J.P. Jouany and J. Newbold, 2000. Methane production by ruminants: Its contribution to global warming. Annales Zootechnie, 49: 231-253.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  13. Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie, 1980. Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2nd Edn., McGraw Hill, New York, United States, ISBN-13: 9780070609266, Pages: 633.
    Direct Link
  14. Jayanegara, A., F. Leiber and M. Kreuzer, 2012. Meta-analysis of the relationship between dietary tannin level and methane formation in ruminants from in vivo and in vitro experiments. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr., 96: 365-375.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  15. Kumar, R. and M. Singh, 1984. Tannins: Their adverse role in ruminant nutrition. J. Agric. Food Chem., 32: 447-453.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  16. Reed, J.D., 1995. Nutritional toxicology of tannins and related polyphenols in forage legumes. J. Anim. Sci., 73: 1516-1528.
    PubMedDirect Link
  17. Patra, A.K., 2010. Meta‐analyses of effects of phytochemicals on digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics associated with methanogenesis. J. Sci. Food Agric., 90: 2700-2708.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  18. Mueller-Harvey, I., 2006. Unravelling the conundrum of tannins in animal nutrition and health. J. Sci. Food Agric., 86: 2010-2037.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  19. Carulla, J.E., M. Kreuzer, A. Machmller and H.D. Hess, 2005. Supplementation of Acacia mearnsii tannins decreases methanogenesis and urinary nitrogen in forage-fed sheep. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 56: 961-970.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  20. McGinn, S.M., Y.H. Chung, K.A. Beauchemin, A.D. Iwaasa and C. Grainger, 2009. Use of corn distillers' dried grains to reduce enteric methane loss from beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 89: 409-413.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  21. Makkar, H.P.S., M. Blummel and K. Becker, 1995. In vitro effects of and interactions between tannins and saponins and fate of tannins in the rumen. J. Sci. Food. Agric., 69: 481-493.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  22. Jayanegara, A., N. Togtokhbayar, H.P.S. Makkar and K. Becker, 2009. Tannins determined by various methods as predictors of methane production reduction potential of plants by an in vitro rumen fermentation system. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 150: 230-237.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  23. Russell, J.B. and J.L. Rychlik, 2001. Factors that alter rumen microbial ecology. Science, 292: 1119-1122.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  24. Wina, E., S. Muetzel and K. Becker, 2005. The impact of saponins or saponin-containing plant materials on ruminant production-A review. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53: 8093-8105.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  25. Morgavi, D.P., E. Forano, C. Martin and C.J. Newbold, 2010. Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants. Animal, 4: 1024-1036.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  26. Hristov, A.N., J. Oh, J.L. Firkins, J. Dijkstra and E. Kebreab et al., 2013. SPECIAL TOPICS-Mitigation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from animal operations: I. A review of enteric methane mitigation options. J. Anim. Sci., 91: 5045-5069.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  27. Roffler, R.E. and L.D. Satter, 1975. Relationship between ruminal ammonia and nonprotein nitrogen utilization by ruminants. I. Development of a model for predicting nonprotein nitrogen utilization by cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 58: 1880-1888.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  28. Grant, R.J. and D.R. Mertens, 1992. Influence of buffer pH and raw corn starch addition on in vitro fiber digestion kinetics. J. Dairy Sci., 75: 2762-2768.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  29. Kurihara, Y., T. Takechi and F. Shibata, 1978. Relationship between bacteria and ciliate protozoa in the rumen of sheep fed on a purified diet. J. Agric. Sci., 90: 373-381.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  30. Bhatta, R., Y. Uyeno, K. Tajima, A. Takenaka and Y. Yabumoto et al., 2009. Difference in the nature of tannins on in vitro ruminal methane and volatile fatty acid production and on methanogenic archaea and protozoal populations. J. Dairy Sci., 92: 5512-5522.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  31. Tavendale, M.H., L.P. Meagher, D. Pacheco, N. Walker, G.T. Attwood and S. Sivakumaran, 2005. Methane production from in vitro rumen incubations with Lotus pedunculatus and Medicago sativa and effects of extractable condensed tannin fractions on methanogenesis. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 123-124: 403-419.
    Direct Link

Keywords