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International Journal of Agricultural Research

Year: 2012 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 2 | Page No.: 78-85
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Authors

C.O. Aremu

D.B. Ibirinde

Keywords

Research Article

Bio-diversity Studies on Accessions of African Yam Bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa)

C.O. Aremu and D.B. Ibirinde
African Yam Bean (AYB) is an underutilized crop with immense nutritional value derivable from both the seeds and tubers. This crop is relegated to an unimportant crop with bulk of the genetic resources left in the hands of older generations of farmers. Some AYB produce both seed and tuber. The aim of this research is to identify appropriate genotype grouping technique usable in classifying extent of diversity in accessions of AYB. Fifty accessions of African Yam Bean from diverse eco-geographic origins of Nigeria were grown in the Teaching and Research Farm of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso during the cropping seasons of May to November, 2009 and 2010. Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications were used. The first six principal components jointly explained 70.30% of the total variation among the accessions. Vine length, branching pattern, pod and peduncle number, pod length, seed number and seed yield contributed mostly to the tuber and seed yield variations. In all, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Single Linkage Cluster Analysis (SLCA) and Unweighted Paired Group Method using Arithmetic average (UPGMA) identified eight major groups of the total variations. SLCA provided vivid information on accession grouping, using the crop morphology. The GenotypexEnvironment interaction revealed genotype to account for 54.2%, environment 10.5% and GenotypexEnvironment to account for 30.1% of the interaction sum of squares. Number of pods per plant, vine length and branch number contributed directly to seed yield. The genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) identified seed number per plant, pod length, number of filled pod and seed yield per plant to show significant variation with high heritability estimate. Selection focus on these traits will improve the seed yield in African Yam Bean.
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