Abstract: As part of the gene bank activity of CMPR many collections of Adhatoda zeylanica Medic. were made from varying agroecological regions in South India. These collections could be grouped into four morphotypes based on growth habits and other morphological characters. These four morphotypes were evaluated for their chemical and pharmacognostical characters and significant differences among the morphotypes were noticed. Among quality characters vasicine content, fingerprint profiles, stomatal index, leaf architecture and venation pattern showed significant variation indicating the predominance of additive gene effects. A reverse phase HPLC method for the quantitative determination of vasicine in the morphotypes was developed based on which variation in the vasicine content was observed. Thin layer chromatographic analysis showed variation in the chemical composition of these morphotypes. These studies indicated variability in the chemical composition and pharmacognostic characters among the morphotypes of A. zeylanica. Two of the morphotypes containing significantly higher vasicine indicated the presence of chemical diversity, providing adequate scope for selection of superior chemotypes having high therapeutic value and economic benefit.