Abstract: Beneficial health impact of medicinal plants reported in scientific literature includes enhancement of antioxidant defense mechanism and amelioration of toxicities. The present study aimed to investigate the pre and post-treatment protective effects of methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa (MEHS) on CCl4-induced hematotoxicity and alterations in lipid profile in rats. The 55 rats were randomly divided into 11 groups of 5 animals each. The pretreatment and post treatment groups were administered 200, 600 and 1000 mg kg–1 doses of MEHS 10 days before and after oral administration of CCl4 (2.5 mL kg–1 b.wt.), respectively. Hematological parameters and serum lipids were analyzed by standard methods. The administration of CCl4 significantly induced hematotoxicity as evidenced by decreased RBC, PCV and Hb with significantly increased WBC count (p<0.05). The pretreatment with MEHS and vitamin E significantly (p<0.05) increased the RBC, PVC and Hb concentration. Similarly, MEHS doses at 600 and 1000 mg kg–1 and vitamin E 9.6 mg kg–1 b.wt., significantly decreased WBC (p<0.05). In the post-treatment, there were beneficial significant changes in all treatments for PCV, at 1000 mg kg–1 MEHS for Hb and at vitamin E administration for Hb and WBC count. However, there were no significant differences observed in both treatment approaches for serum lipid concentrations compared to CCl4-treated rats (p>0.05). The data from this study suggest the prophylactic protective role of MEHS against hematotoxicity in carbon tetrachloride challenge.