Abstract: Effect of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. Leaf extract on high cholesterol fed diet rats was investigated. Hyperlipidemia was induced in rats by giving high cholesterol diet (2% cholesterol, 1% sodium cholate and 2% coconut oil) for seven days in standard rat chow diet. The hydroalcoholic extract of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. leaves (200 mg kg-1 b.wt.) was orally administered once a day to rats fed with a high cholesterol diet for seven days. High cholesterol fed diet rats exhibited significant increase in total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoprotein and significant decrease in high density lipoproteins. Treatment with hydroalcoholic extract of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. leaves significantly decreased total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, very low density lipoprotein and increased the high density lipoproteins in hyperlipidemic rats and was comparable with that of standard atorvastatin. Hence, it was concluded that significant antihyperlipidemic activity of hydroalcholic extract of Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. leaves may be due to the presence of acidic compounds, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannis (Phenolic compounds) and triterpenoids found in the preliminary phytochemical screening.