Abstract: From time immemorial, man has remained dependent on plants for medicine. From a historical perspective, it is evident that the fascination for plants is as old as mankind itself. The plant kingdom represents a rich storehouse of traditional medicines and organic compounds that may lead to development of novel agents for various disorders. Moringa oleifera Lam (Syn Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn) commonly known by regional names such as drumstick tree, sajiwan, kelor, murungai kaai, saijhan and sajna, is a natural as well as cultivated variety of the genus Moringa belonging to the family Moringaceae. It is a small or medium sized tree, about 10 m high, cultivated throughout India. It is a multipurpose tree known as nature’s medicine cabinet. It is best known as excellent source of nutrition and natural energy booster. Different parts of this plant are being employed for the treatment of various ailments in the indigenous system of medicine. It possesses antitumor, antipyretic, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antispasmodic, diuretic, antihypertensive, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective activities. This plant have broad spectrum activities so, this review focuses on numerous economic application, distribution and commercial importance of Moringa oleifera along with its traditional medicine and culinary uses, so that it can be grown enormously and can be used for various indigenous purposes. Considering its relevance, further research is required to explore the potential from this medicinal tree.