Tri Yudani Mardining Raras
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Hetti Rusmini
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Malahayati University, Lampung, Indonesia
Desie Dwi Wisudanti
Master Program on Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Iin Noor Chozin
Department of Pulmonology, Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
ABSTRACT
Regular consumption of kefir promotes beneficial physiological and therapeutic effects including stimulation of immune response. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of kefir on peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). PBMCs were isolated, treated with different concentration of kefir (1/20, 1/50, 1/100 and 1/200) and cultured for 4 days. The proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and the production of Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ and Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 was determined by ELISA. The results indicate that kefir slightly stimulated CD4+ as well as CD8+, but the effect was insignificant. Low doses of kefir significantly induced the secretion of IL-10 but not IL-2, IL-4, or IFN-γ. We conclude that kefir in a low concentration stimulates Th2 rather than Th1-type immune response and therefore works as an immunosuppressant for early diagnosed TB patients.
PDF References
How to cite this article
Tri Yudani Mardining Raras, Hetti Rusmini, Desie Dwi Wisudanti and Iin Noor Chozin, 2015. Kefir Stimulates Anti-Inflammatory Response in TB-AFB (+) Patients. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 14: 330-334.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2015.330.334
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2015.330.334
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2015.330.334
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2015.330.334
REFERENCES
- Afzal, N., K. Javed, Saleem-uz-Zaman, A. Mumtaz and S. Hussain et al., 2010. Percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in blood of tuberculosis patients. J. Ayub Med. Coll. Abbottabad, 22: 182-186.
PubMed - Couper, K.N., D.G. Blount and E.M. Riley, 2008. IL-10: The master regulator of immunity to infection. J. Immunol., 180: 5771-5777.
Direct Link - Deveci, F., H.H. Akbulut, I. Celik, M.H. Muz and F. Ilhan, 2006. Lymphocyte subpopulations in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Med. Inflammat.
CrossRefDirect Link - Elsasser-Beile, U., C. Garbe, R. Stadler, H. Drews and E. Schopf, 1989. [Adjuvant therapy with recombinant interferon alfa-2a in metastasized malignant melanoma]. Der Hautarzt, 40: 266-270, (In German).
PubMedDirect Link - Feng, C.G., M.C. Kullberg, D. Jankovic, A.W. Cheever, P. Caspar, R.L. Coffman and A. Sher, 2002. Transgenic mice expressing human interleukin-10 in the antigen-presenting cell compartment show increased susceptibility to infection with Mycobacterium avium associated with decreased macrophage effector function and apoptosis. Infect. Immunity, 70: 6672-6679.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Garcia, M., J.A. Vargas, R. Castejon, E. Navas and A. Durantez, 2002. Flow-cytometric assessment of lymphocyte cytokine production in tuberculosis. Tuberculosis, 82: 37-41.
CrossRefDirect Link - Gill, H.S., K.J. Rutherfurd, M.L. Cross and P.K. Gopal, 2001. Enhancement of immunity in the elderly by dietary supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HNO19. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 74: 833-839.
Direct Link - Hong, W.S., Y.P. Chen and M.J. Chen, 2010. The antiallergic effect of kefir Lactobacilli. J. Food Sci., 75: H244-H253.
CrossRefDirect Link - Isolauri, E., Y. Sutas, P. Kankaanpaa, H. Arvilommi and S. Salminen, 2001. Probiotics: Effects on immunity. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 73: 444s-450s.
PubMedDirect Link - Jamil, B., F. Shahid, Z. Hasan, N. Nasir, T. Razzaki, G. Dawood and R. Hussain, 2007. Interferon γ/IL10 ratio defines the disease severity in pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis, 87: 279-287.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Orme, I.M., J.P. Griffin, A.D. Roberts and D.N. Ernst, 1993. Evidence for a defective accumulation of protective T cells in old mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cell. Immunol., 47: 222-229.
CrossRefDirect Link - Redpath, S., P. Ghazal and N.R.J. Gascoigne, 2001. Hijacking and exploitation of IL-10 by intracellular pathogens. Trends Microbiol., 9: 86-92.
CrossRefDirect Link - Sendide, K., A.E. Deghmane, D. Pechkovsky, Y. Av-Gay, A. Talal and Z. Hmama, 2005. Mycobacterium bovis BCG attenuates surface expression of mature class II molecules through IL-10-dependent inhibition of cathepsin S. J. Immunol., 175: 5324-5332.
Direct Link - Silva, K.R., S.A. Rodrigues, L.X. Filho and A.S. Lima, 2009. Antimicrobial activity of broth fermented with kefir grains. Applied Biochem. Biotechnol., 152: 316-325.
CrossRefDirect Link - van Crevel, R., T.H.M. Ottenhoff and J.W.M. van der Meer, 2002. Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 15: 294-309.
CrossRefDirect Link - Vinderola, C.G., J. Duarte, D. Thangavel, G. Perdigon, E. Farnworth and C. Matar, 2005. Immunomodulating capacity of kefir. J. Dairy Res., 72: 195-202.
CrossRefDirect Link - Wang, S., N. Diao, C. Lu, J. Wu and Y. Gao et al., 2012. Evaluation of the diagnostic potential of ip-10 and il-2 as biomarkers for the diagnosis of active and latent tuberculosis in a bcg-vaccinated population. PLoS One, Vol. 7.
CrossRefDirect Link