Paul Jimmy Udo
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the proximate composition and mineral contents of two commercially important cichlids, Heterotis niloticus and Oreochromis niloticus, reared in fish ponds in Nigeria. The method of study followed internationally accepted procedures after AOAC. Crude proteins in both species were 18.92±0.11 gm/100 gm and 21.86±0.02 gm/100 gm for H. niloticus and O. niloticus respectively. Carbohydrate was 5 times more in H. niloticus than in O. niloticus. Ash, moisture, crude fat and NFE were similar in both species (p>0.05). Similarly, the concentration of calcium, iron, copper and phosphorus were not significant in the species (p>0.05). However, sodium and potassium were 3 and 2 times higher in H. niloticus when compared to that measured in O. niloticus. The significance of these results are discussed on the basis of their economic, social and health uses.
PDF References
How to cite this article
Paul Jimmy Udo, 2012. The Proximate Composition and Mineral Contents of Two Economically Important West African Cichlids: Heterotis niloticus and Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces: Cichlidae). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 11: 1087-1091.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2012.1087.1091
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2012.1087.1091
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2012.1087.1091
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2012.1087.1091
REFERENCES
- AOAC., 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 17th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Direct Link - Anthony, J.E., N.H. Pauline, S. Rhonda, G.A. Milan, L. Herzfeld, T. Janatte and S.J. Ritchey, 2003. Yields, proximate composition and mineral content of fin fish and shellfish. Office of Sea Grant, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant No. 5-29258 and Virginia Sea Grant Program Project No. R/FD-1.
- Asuquo, F.E., I. Ewa-Oboho, E.F. Asuquo and P.J. Udo, 2004. Fish species used as biomarker for heavy metal and hydrocarbon contamination for cross river, Nigeria. Environmentalist, 24: 29-37.
CrossRefDirect Link - Abulude, F.O., I.O. Lawal and A.O. Kayose, 2006. Effect of processing on some functional properties of millet (Eleusine coracona) flour. J. Food Technol., 3: 460-463.
Direct Link - Adeyeye, E.I., H.O. Adubiaro and O.J. Awodola, 2008. Comparability of chemical composition and functional properties of shell and flesh of Penaeus notabilis. Pak. J. Nutr., 7: 741-747.
CrossRefDirect Link - Alvarez, V., M. Trigo, S. Lois, D. Fernandez, I. Medina and S.P. Aubourg, 2009. Comparative lipid composition study in farmed and wild blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo). Czech J. Food Sci., 27: 274-276.
Direct Link - Muhammed, A., A. Zafar, A. Rauf, S. Mehboob and M.A. Qureshi, 2011. Nutritional value of wild and cultivated Silver carp (Hypophthalmicthys molitrix) and Grass carp (Ctenoppharyngodon idella). Int. J. Agric. Biol., 13: 210-214.
Direct Link - Fawole, O.O., M.A. Ogundiran, T.A. Ayandiran and O.F. Olagunju, 2007. Proximate and mineral composition in some selected fresh water fishes in Nigeria. Internet J. Food Saf., 9: 52-55.
Direct Link - Jankowska, B., Z. Zakes, T. Zmijewski, M. Szezrpkowski and A. Kowalska, 2007. Slaughter yield, proximate composition and flesh color of cultivated and wild perch (Perca fluviatilis L). Czech. J. Anim. Sci., 52: 260-267.
Direct Link - Lee, E., S.P. Meyers and J.S. Godber, 1993. Minced meat crabcake from blue crab processing byproducts-development and sensory evaluation. J. Food Sci., 58: 99-103.
CrossRefDirect Link - Nwanna, L.C., 2003. Nutritional value and digestibility of fermented shrimp head waste meal by African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Pak. J. Nutr., 2: 339-345.
CrossRefDirect Link - Ojewola, G.S., A.S. Eburuaja, F.C. Okoye, A.S. Lawal and A.H. Akinmutimi, 2003. Effect of inclusion of grasshopper meal on performance, nutrient utilization and organ of broiler chicken. J. Sustainable Agric. Environ. Res., 5: 19-25.
Direct Link - Ojewola, G.S. and S.F. Udom, 2005. Chemical evaluation of the nutrient composition of some unconventional animal protein sources. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 4: 745-747.
CrossRefDirect Link - Oduor-Odote, P.M. and J.M. Kazungu, 2008. The body composition of low value fish and their preparation into a higher value snack food. Western Indian Ocean J. Mar. Sci., 7: 111-117.
Direct Link - Osibona, A.O., K. Kusemiju and G.R. Akande, 2009. Fatty acid composition and amino acid profile of two freshwater species, African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (Tilapia zillii). Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev., 9: 608-621.
Direct Link - Udo, P.J. and V.N. Arazu, 2011. The biochemical composition of three exotic fish delicacies: Scomber scombrus, (Linnaeus, 1758), Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Sardina pilchard (Walbaum, 1792) frozen and imported into Nigeria. Pak. J. Nutr., 10: 1158-1162.
CrossRefDirect Link