Research Article
A Summary of Reports of Ulvaceae (Chlorophyta) From Turkey*
Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Celal Bayar University, Muradiye-Manisa 45040, Turkey
Ulva was one of the first Linnaean genera, and later Enteromorpha Link was established to include tubular forms (Hayden et al., 2003). A phylogenetic study based on a combined data set of two genes (nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer DNA and the chloroplast-encoded rbc L. gene) showed that Ulva and Enteromorpha together form a strongly supported clade in all analyses, but they are not monophyletic and should not be recognized as separate genera (Hayden et al., 2003). So Hayden et al. (2003) both transferred and restored a number of species of Enteromorpha to Ulva. Bae and Lees (2001) segregation of Ulva olivascens P. Dangeard in the genus Umbraulva was also supported by Hayden et al.s (2003) analyses. Recently, Wynne (2005) transferred five additional taxa of Enteromorpha to Ulva.
The check-list by Gallardo et al. (1993) reported 39 taxa of Ulva sensu lato at the specific and infraspecific level from the Mediterranean Sea. The first paper in which seaweeds from the Aegean Sea (Turkey) were reported is that by Forsskål (1775), who recorded Ulva intestinalis L. from the islands of Gokceada (Imbros) and Bozcaada (Tenedos) (Athanasiadis, 1987). Several studies including or dealing only with the Ulvaceae of the Turkey have
been made by Dural (1989, 1990), Aysel et al. (1991), Dural et al. (1990, 1992), Aysel and Erdugan (1995), Aysel and Gezerler (1996), Kurt et al. (2000), Taskin et al. (2003, 2004) and Taskin and Ozturk (2005). The recent general list of the marine algae of Turkey was made by Taskin et al. (2001), who recorded 28 taxa of Enteromorpha and Ulva.
In this study the aim was that to prepare a revised list of the taxa of the Ulvaceae occurring in Turkey.
Several studies including or dealing only with the Ulvaceae of the Turkey have been made by some researchers. This family has been synthesized by compiling previous records of phycological studies from Turkey.
In this study a revised list of the Ulvaceae of Turkey is given. Turkish Enteromorpha species are now included within Ulva. Also, the transfer of four infraspecific taxa of Enteromorpha to Ulva is proposed. Twenty five Ulvaceae are distributed in Turkey (Table 1).
Table 1: | List of the Ulvaceae of Turkey (Mediterranean Sea (MS), Aegean Sea (AS), Sea of Marmara (SM) and Black Sea (BS)) |
Some taxa of Enteromorpha that have been recorded from Turkey by several studies are excluded from the present list. Hayden et al. (2003) reported that Enteromorpha multiramosa Bliding is an invalid name because Bliding did not cite a type. But Enteromorpha multiramosa was treated as distinct species by Guiry (2006). Enteromorpha muscoides (Clemente) Cremades based on Ulva muscoides Clemente was reported as conspecific with Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) Greville (=Ulva clathrata (Roth) C. Agardh] by Wynne (2005). Enteromorpha linza (L.) J.Agardh var. minor Schiffner and Enteromorpha prolifera (O.F. Müller) J. Agardh f. subsimplex Schiffner were reported as Nomina nuda by Furnari et al. (1999). Enteromorpha prolifera (O.F. Müller) J.Agardh var. tenuis Schiffner forma ramosa Schiffner was recorded as a taxon inquirendum by Furnari et al. (1999). However, Enteromorpha coziana P. Dangeard var. coziana and Enteromorpha coziana var. arcassonensis P. Dangeard were reported from Turkey by Zeybek et al. (1993), but E. coziana P. Dangeard var. coziana was reported as of uncertain taxonomic status by Guiry (2006).
Notes:
1. | The presence of this taxon in the Mediterranean Sea needs to be confirmed. |
2. | The following transfer is proposed: Ulva intestinalis L. var. asexualis (Bliding) E. Taskin comb. nov. |
Basionym: Enteromorpha intestinalis var. asexualis Bliding, 1963: 141, Fig. 89 and 90.
3. | The following transfer is proposed: Ulva intestinalis forma ramosa (Vinogradova) E. Taskin comb. nov. |
Basionym: Enteromorpha intestinalis forma ramosa Vinogradova, 1974: 88, pl. XXVII, Fig. 1-9.
4. | The following transfer is proposed: Ulva intestinalis forma saprobia (Vinogradova) E. Taskin comb. nov. |
Basionym: Enteromorpha intestinalis forma saprobia Vinogradova, 1974: 86, pl. XXVI, Fig. 1-10.
5. | According to Gallardo et al. (1993), the presence of this species in the Mediterranean Sea needs to be confirmed. |
6. | Burrows (1991) included both Enteromorpha torta (Mertens) Reinbold and Enteromorpha ahlneriana Bliding in E. prolifera (=Ulva prolifera O.F. Müller), but I follow Gallardo et al. (1993). |
7. | The following transfer is proposed: Ulva prolifera subsp. gullmariensis (Bliding) E. Taskin comb. nov. |
Basionym: Enteromorpha prolifera subsp. gullmariensis Bliding (1963): 61, Fig. 29.
8. | Wynne (2002) stated that Ulva taeniata (Setchell) Setchell in Gardner is probably a taxonomic synonym of Ulva nematoidea Bory. |
I am grateful to Prof. Michael J. Wynne (University of Michigan, Ann Arbor) for critically reviewing the manuscript and for nomenclatural information.