Waleed M. Razuki
Poultry Research Station, Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
Sami H. Farhan
Poultry Research Station, Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
Faris H. Jasim
Poultry Research Station, Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
Firas M.H. AlKhilani
Poultry Research Station, Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
Firas R. Jameel
Poultry Research Station, Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
ABSTRACT
The present study was carried out during summer season to examine the response of two broilers strains (RS = Ross 308 and CB = Cobb 500) to protein concentrate removal from finisher diet (28-42 d of age) on performance and carcass parameters. On day 28 of age, a total of 960 birds of two strains were randomly assigned on 32 replicates (16 replicates for each strains) of 30 chicks per replicate. Each replicate consist of 15 males and 15 females for each strain which was distinguished by phenotype. Tow finisher dietary treatments were: (1) the basal diet with protein concentrate supplementation; (2) the basal diet without protein concentrate supplementation were fed for both strains. Body weight (BW) and gain (BWG), feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, mortality and carcass parameters were examined. Results showed that the RS strain achieved greater BW, weight gain and feed consumption than CB strain. While, feed conversion ratio and mortality was not affected by strain. Regardless of strain, results showed that removal of protein concentrate (PC) from finisher ration caused reduction in BW at 35 days and 42 days of age and BWG. The reduction in BWG due to PC removing was 8.15% for 7 days and 18.02% for 14 days. As well as, reduction also occurred in feed consumption and feed conversion ratio from 28 to 42 days of age. In contrast, omitting PC from finisher diets had no effect on carcass yield, breast and thigh meat and abdominal fat pad. In conclusion, the results from this study suggest that 14 days withdrawal of protein concentrate prior marketing have adversely negative effect on performance but not on carcass parameters of both strains of broilers during hot climate.
PDF References
How to cite this article
Waleed M. Razuki, Sami H. Farhan, Faris H. Jasim, Firas M.H. AlKhilani and Firas R. Jameel, 2015. Effects of Genetic Strain and Protein Concentrate Removal from Finisher Ration on Performance and Carcass Parameters of Broilers Reared under Hot Climate. International Journal of Poultry Science, 14: 92-99.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2015.92.99
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2015.92.99
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2015.92.99
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2015.92.99
REFERENCES
- Abdullah, A.Y., N.A. Al-Beitawi, M.M.S. Rjoup, R.I. Qudsieh and M.A.A. Ishmais, 2010. Growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics of different commercial crosses of broiler strains of chicken. J. Poult. Sci., 47: 13-21.
CrossRefDirect Link - Abudabos, A.M., G.M. Suliman, E.O. Hussien, M.Q. Al-Ghadi and A. Al-Oweymer, 2013. Effect of mineral-vitamin premix reduction on performance and certain hemato-biochemical values in broiler chickens. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 8: 747-753.
CrossRefDirect Link - Berrong, S.L. and K.W. Washburn, 1998. Effects of genetic variation on total plasma protein, body weight gains and body temperature responses to heat stress. Poult. Sci., 77: 379-385.
CrossRefDirect Link - Cahaner, A. and F. Leenstra, 1992. Effects of high temperature on growth and efficiency of male and female broilers from lines selected for high weight gain, favorable feed conversion and high or low fat content. Poult. Sci., 71: 1237-1250.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Christmas, R.B., R.H. Harms and D.R. Sloan, 1995. The absence of vitamins and trace minerals and broiler performance. J. Applied Poult. Res., 4: 407-410.
CrossRefDirect Link - Deyhim, F. and R.G. Teeter, 1993. Dietary vitamin and/or trace mineral premix effects on performance, humoral mediated immunity and carcass composition of broilers during thermoneutral and high ambient temperature distress. J. Appllied Poult. Res., 2: 347-355.
CrossRefDirect Link - Ferket, P.R. and M.A. Qureshi, 1992. Performance and immunity of heat-stressed broilers fed vitamin- and electrolyte-supplemented drinking water. Poult. Sci., 71: 88-97.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Goliomytis, M., E. Panopoulou and E. Rogdakis, 2003. Growth curves for body weight and major component parts, feed consumption and mortality of male broiler chickens raised to maturity. Poult. Sci., 82: 1061-1068.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Gonzales, E., J. Buyse, S.T. Takita, J.R. Sartori and E. Decuypere, 1998. Metabolic disturbances in male broilers of different strains. 1. Performance, mortality and right ventricular hypertrophy. Poult. Sci., 77: 1646-1653.
CrossRefDirect Link - Havenstein, G.B., P.R. Ferket and M.A. Qureshi, 2003. Growth, livability and feed conversion of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets. Poult. Sci., 82: 1500-1508.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Havenstein, G.B., P.R. Ferket, S.E. Scheideler and B.T. Larson, 1994. Growth, livability and feed conversion of 1957 vs 1991 broilers when fed typical 1957 and 1991 broiler diets. Poult. Sci., 73: 1785-1794.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Henry, M.H. and W.H. Burke, 1998. Sexual dimorphism in broiler chick embryos and embryonic muscle development in late incubation. Poult. Sci., 77: 728-736.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Hristakieva, P., N. Mincheva, M. Oblakova, M. Lalev and I. Ivanova, 2014. Effect of genotype on production traits in broiler chickens. Slovak J. Anim. Sci., 47: 19-24.
Direct Link - Inal, F., B. Coskun, N. Gulsen and V. Kurtoglu, 2001. The effects of withdrawal of vitamin and trace mineral supplements from layer diets on egg yield and trace mineral composition. Br. Poult. Sci., 42: 77-80.
CrossRefDirect Link - Indarsih, B. and M.H. Tamsil, 2012. Response of different genotypes of broilers to lysine supplementation raised under practical condition. J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric., 37: 139-148.
Direct Link - Khajali, F., E.A. Khoshoei and A.K.Z. Moghaddam, 2006. Effect of vitamin and trace mineral withdrawal from finisher diets on growth performance and immunocompetence of broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci., 47: 159-162.
CrossRefDirect Link - Kidd, M.T., A. Corzo, D. Hoehler, E.R. Miller and W.A. Dozier III, 2005. Broiler responsiveness (Ross x 708) to diets varying in amino acid density. Poult. Sci., 84: 1389-1396.
CrossRefDirect Link - Korver, D.R., M.J. Zuidhof and K.R. Lawes, 2004. Performance characteristics and economic comparison of broiler chickens fed wheat- and triticale-based diets. Poult. Sci., 83: 716-725.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Lopez, K.P., M.W. Schilling and A. Corzo, 2011. Broiler genetic strain and sex effects on meat characteristics. Poultry Sci., 90: 1105-1111.
CrossRefDirect Link - Mehaffey, J.M., S.P. Pradhan, J.F. Meullenet, J.L. Emmert, S.R. McKee and C.M. Owens, 2006. Meat quality evaluation of minimally aged broiler breast fillets from five commercial genetic strains. Poult. Sci., 85: 902-908.
CrossRefDirect Link - Maiorka, A., A.C. Laurentiz, E. Santin, L.F. Araujo and M. Macari, 2002. Dietary vitamin or mineral mix removal during the finisher period on broiler chicken performance. J. Applied Poult. Res., 11: 121-126.
CrossRefDirect Link - Moravej, H., S.M. Alahyari and M. Shivazad, 2012. Effects of the reduction or withdrawal of the vitamin premix from the diet on chicken performance and meat quality. Braz. J. Poult. Sci., 14: 239-244.
Direct Link - NRC., 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA., ISBN-13: 9780309048927, Pages: 176.
Direct Link - Olawumi, S.O., S. Fajemilehin and S.S. Fagbuaro, 2012. Genotype × sex interaction effects on carcass traits of three strains of commercial broiler chickens. J. World's Poult. Res., 2: 21-24.
Direct Link - Patel, K.P., M.H. Edwards III and D.H. Baker, 1997. Removal of vitamin and trace mineral supplements from broiler finisher diets. J. Applied Poult. Res., 6: 191-198.
CrossRefDirect Link - Razuki, W.M., S.A. Mukhlis, F.H. Jasim and R.F. Hamad, 2011. Productive performance of four commercial broiler genotypes reared under high ambient temperatures. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 10: 87-92.
CrossRefDirect Link - Renden, J.A., S.F. Bilgili and S.A. Kincaid, 1992. Effects of photoschedule and strain cross on broiler performance and carcass yield. Poult. Sci., 71: 1417-1426.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Shim, M.Y., M. Tahir, A.B. Karnuah, M. Miller, T.D. Pringle, S.E. Aggrey and G.M. Pesti, 2012. Strain and sex effects on growth performance and carcass traits of contemporary commercial broiler crosses. Poult. Sci., 91: 2942-2948.
CrossRefDirect Link - Skinner, J.T., A.L. Waldroup and P.W. Waldroupm, 1992. Effects of removal of vitamin and trace mineral supplements from grower and finisher diets on live performance and carcass composition of broilers. J. Applied Poult. Res., 1: 280-286.
CrossRefDirect Link - Smith, E.R. and G.M. Pesti, 1998. Influence of broiler strain cross and dietary protein on the performance of broilers. Poult. Sci., 77: 276-281.
CrossRefDirect Link - Yalcin, S., P. Settar, S. Ozkan and A. Cahaner, 1997. Comparative evaluation of three commercial broiler stocks in hot versus temperate climates. Poult. Sci., 76: 921-929.
CrossRefDirect Link - Young, L.L., J.K. Northcutt, R.J. Buhr, C.E. Lyon and G.O. Ware, 2001. Effects of age, sex and duration of postmortem aging on percentage yield of parts from broiler chicken carcasses. Poult. Sci., 80: 376-379.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link