M. D. Haines
Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
H. M. Parker
Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
C. D. McDaniel
Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
A. S. Kiess
Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
ABSTRACT
Lactobacillus resides in the hens gastrointestinal tract, vagina and cloaca. When fed to hens, Lactobacillus has improved egg weight, size and shell strength. However, data from our lab suggests Lactobacillus may be detrimental to semen and possibly fertility. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if semen exposed to Lactobacillus affected fertility in hens. For the experiment, semen was collected from 40 roosters and used to create 4 treatments: saline, broth, 103 cfu/mL of Lactobacillus and 106 cfu/mL of Lactobacillus. Each treatment was diluted 1:1 with pooled semen and sperm quality index readings were obtained prior to insemination. Eighty hens in each treatment were equally divided among 10 blocks and inseminated. Eggs were collected from 2 to 7 d post-insemination (DPI) and hens were artificial insemination again on DPI 8, eggs were collected for another 7 d. Eggs were incubated for 10 d, candled for fertility and a portion of the eggs were examined for Lactobacillus. The entire experiment was repeated twice. Semen quality was within the normal range for treatments 1, 2 and 3, but semen from treatment 4 was immotile before insemination. Additionally, 84% of the eggs from treatments 1, 2 and 3 were fertile; however, all eggs from treatment 4 were infertile. There was no difference between treatments for Lactobacillus counts in the yolk or on the shell. However, fertility and Lactobacillus shell counts declined over DPI. In conclusion, if Lactobacillus exceeds 106 cfu/mL in the hen or roosters reproductive tract, fertility could be impacted.
PDF References
How to cite this article
M. D. Haines, H. M. Parker, C. D. McDaniel and A. S. Kiess, 2015. When Rooster Semen is Exposed to Lactobacillus Fertility is Reduced. International Journal of Poultry Science, 14: 541-547.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2015.541.547
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2015.541.547
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2015.541.547
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2015.541.547
REFERENCES
- Baker, R.C., J.P. Goff and J.F. Timoney, 1980. Prevalence of Salmonellae on eggs from poultry farms in New York state. Poult. Sci., 59: 289-292.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Bar, T.Z., R. Yahuda, T. Hacham, S. Krupnik and B. Bartoov, 2008. Influence of Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus on ram sperm cell quality. J. Med. Microbiol., 57: 1405-1410.
CrossRefDirect Link - Baskt, M.R., 1980. Chicken and Turkey oviductal pH at known times postoviposition. Poult. Sci., 59: 2793-2796.
CrossRefDirect Link - Bilgili, S.F. and J.A. Renden, 1984. Fluorometric determination of avian sperm viability and concentration. Poult. Sci., 63: 2275-2277.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Bogdonoff, Jr. P.D. and C.S. Shaffner, 1954. The effect of pH on in vitro survival, metabolic activity and fertilizing capacity of chicken semen. Poult. Sci., 33: 665-669.
CrossRefDirect Link - Burrows, W.H. and J.P. Quinn, 1937. The collection of spermatozoa from the domestic fowl and Turkey. Poult. Sci., 16: 19-24.
CrossRefDirect Link - Bussalleu, E., M. Yeste, L. Sepulveda, E. Torner, E. Pinart and S. Bonet, 2011. Effects of different concentrations of enterotoxigenic and verotoxigenic E. coli on boar sperm quality. Animal Repro. Sci., 127: 176-182.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Donoghue, A.M., P.J. Blore, K. Cole, N.M. Loskutoff and D.J. Donoghue, 2004. Detection of Campylobacter or Salmonella in Turkey semen and the ability of poultry semen extenders to reduce their concentrations. Poult. Sci., 83: 1728-1733.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Haines, M.D., H.M. Parker, C.D. McDaniel and A.S. Kiess, 2013. Impact of 6 different intestinal bacteria on broiler breeder sperm motility in vitro. Poult. Sci., 92: 2174-2181.
CrossRefDirect Link - King, L.M. and A.M. Donoghue, 2000. Adaptation of the sperm mobility test for identification of turkey toms with low fertilizing potential. J. Applied Poult. Res., 9: 66-73.
CrossRefDirect Link - King, L.M., J.D. Kirby, D.P. Froman, T.S. Sonstegard and D.E. Harry et al., 2000. Efficacy of sperm mobility assessment in commercial flocks and the relationships of sperm mobility and insemination dose with fertility in Turkeys. Poult. Sci., 79: 1797-1802.
CrossRefDirect Link - Kirby, J.D. and D.P. Froman, 1990. Analysis of poultry fertility data. Poult Sci., 69: 1764-1768.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Kirby, J.D., C.J. Tressler and Y.K. Kirby, 1998. Evaluation of the duration of sperm fertilizing ability in five lines of commercial broiler breeder and Delaware cross males. Poult. Sci., 77: 1688-1694.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Lardy, H.A. and P.H. Phillips, 1943. Effect of pH and certain electrolytes on the metabolism of ejaculated spermatozoa. Am. J. Physiol., 138: 741-746.
Direct Link - Lombardo, M.P., P.A. Thorpe and H.W. Power, 1999. The beneficial sexually transmitted microbe hypothesis of avian copulation. Behav. Ecol., 10: 333-337.
CrossRefDirect Link - Martin, L.O.M., E.C. Munoz, F. De Cupere, E. Van Driessche, D. Echemendia-Blanco, J.M.M. Rodriguez and S. Beeckmans, 2010. Bacterial contamination of boar semen affects the litter size. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 120: 95-104.
CrossRefDirect Link - McDaniel, C.D., J.L. Hannah, H.M. Parker, T.W. Smith, C.D. Schultz and C.D. Zumwalt, 1998. Use of a sperm analyzer for evaluating broiler breeder males. 1. Effects of altering sperm quality and quantity on the sperm motility index. Poult. Sci., 77: 888-893.
CrossRefDirect Link - Miyamoto, T., T. Horie, T. Fujiwara, T. Fukata, K. Sasai and E. Baba, 2000. Lactobacillus flora in the cloaca and vagina of hens and its inhibitory activity against Salmonella enteritidis in vitro. Poult. Sci., 79: 7-11.
CrossRefDirect Link - Panda, A.K., S.S.R. Rao, M.V.L.N. Raju and S.S. Sharma, 2008. Effect of probiotic (Lactobacillus sporogenes) feeding on egg production and quality, yolk cholesterol and humoral immune response of White Leghorn layer breeders. J. Sci. Food Agric., 88: 43-47.
CrossRefDirect Link - Parker, G.A., 1970. Sperm competition and its evolutionary consequences in the insects. Biol. Rev., 45: 525-567.
CrossRefDirect Link - Parker, H.M. and C.D. McDanial, 2002. Selection of young broiler breeders for semen quality improves hatchability in an industry field trial. J. Applied Poult. Res., 11: 250-259.
CrossRefDirect Link - Parker, H.M. and C.D. McDaniel, 2003. Semen dilution prior to analysis influences the ability of the sperm quality analyzer to predict fertility whether inseminating with a constant number of sperm or a constant volume of semen. Poult. Sci., 82: 1808-1815.
CrossRefDirect Link - Sexton, T.J., 1977. A new poultry semen extender. 1. Effect of extension on the fertility of chicken semen. Poult. Sci., 56: 1443-1446.
CrossRefDirect Link - Smith, A.U., 1949. The control of bacterial growth in fowl semen J. Agric. Sci. 39: 194-200.
CrossRefDirect Link - Wilcox, F.H. and M.S. Shorb, 1958. The effect of antibiotics on bacteria in semen and on motility and fertilizing ability of chicken spermatozoa. Am. J. Vet. Res., 19: 945-949.
PubMedDirect Link - Yaniz, J.L., M.A. Marco-Aguado, J.A. Mateos and P. Santolaria, 2010. Bacterial contamination of ram semen, antibiotic sensitivities and effects on sperm quality during storage at 15°C. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 122: 142-149.
CrossRefDirect Link - Van Coillie, E., J. Goris, I. Cleenwerck, K. Grijspeerdt and N. Botteldoorn et al., 2007. Identification of lactobacilli isolated from the cloaca and vagina of laying hens and characterization for potential use as probiotics to control Salmonella enteritidis. J. Applied Microbiol., 102: 1095-1106.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Vizzier-Thaxton, Y., N.A. Cox, L.J. Richardson, R.J. Buhr and C.D. McDaniel et al., 2006. Apparent attachment of Campylobacter and Salmonella to broiler breeder rooster spermatozoa. Poult. Sci., 85: 619-624.
CrossRefDirect Link