Emanuel Cejas
Universidad Nacional de Lujan
Silvina Pinto
Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (UBA), Argentina
Florencia Prosdocimo
Universidad Nacional de Lujan
Mariano Batalle
Universidad Nacional de Lujan
Hebe Barrios
Universidad Nacional de Lujan
Guillermo Tellez
Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
Mauricio De Franceschi
Universidad Nacional de Lujan
ABSTRACT
The effects of a commercially available Polyphenolic Vegetable Extract (PVE) from Schinopsis lorentzii (Bioquina®) for the reduction of coccidiosis in broiler chicks was evaluated. Day-of-hatch male broiler chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and randomly assigned to three experimental groups consisting of 8 chickens per group with four replicates per treatment: Group 1, PVE 10% - challenged; Group 2, untreated - challenged and Group 3, -untreated, non-challenged. Heated brooder batteries were used for housing and chicks were allowed ad libitum access to unmedicated broiler rations and water for the duration of the experiment. On day 21 post-hatch, all birds in groups 1 and 2 were challenged by oral gavage with 3 mL of a mixed suspension of freshly sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella (50,000 oocyst/mL), E. maxima (50,000 oocyst/mL) and E. avervulina (50,000 oocyst/mL). Group 3 was sham inoculated with 3 mL of PBS. Body weight gain was obtained seven days after coccidia challenge. Oocyst sheeding was performed at 5, 7 and 10 days PI. Intestinal macroscopic lesions and histological morphometric analysis was performed 7 days PI. No significant differences were observed in terms of total mortality or lesion scores. Supplementation of PVE significantly increased body weight gain, crypt:villi ratio and decreased oocyst excretion (p<0.05), suggesting that PVE may have an impact against a mixed subclinical Eimeria challenge. Further studies on the potential value of this product as a therapeutic or prophylactic anticoccidial agent are currently being evaluated.
PDF References Citation
How to cite this article
Emanuel Cejas, Silvina Pinto, Florencia Prosdocimo, Mariano Batalle, Hebe Barrios, Guillermo Tellez and Mauricio De Franceschi, 2011. Evaluation of Quebracho Red Wood (Schinopsis lorentzii) Polyphenolic Vegetable Extract for the Reduction of Coccidiosis in Broiler Chicks. International Journal of Poultry Science, 10: 344-349.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2011.344.349
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2011.344.349
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2011.344.349
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2011.344.349
REFERENCES
- Aengwanich, W. and M. Suttajit, 2010. Effect of polyphenols extracted from Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) seed coat on physiological changes, heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, oxidative stress and body weight of broilers (Gallus domesticus) under chronic heat stress. Anim. Sci. J., 81: 264-270.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Allen, P.C., 1997. Production of free radical species during Eimeria maxima infections in chickens. Poult. Sci., 76: 814-821.
CrossRefDirect Link - Allen, P.C. and R.H. Fetterer, 2002. Recent advances in biology and immunobiology of Eimeria species and in diagnosis and control of infection with these coccidian parasites of poultry. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 15: 58-65.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Allen-Hall, L., J.T. Arnason, P. Cano and R.M. Lafrenie, 2010. Uncaria tomentosa acts as a potent TNF-α inhibitor through NF-κB. J. Ethnopharmacol., 127: 685-693.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Anadon, A., M.R. Martinez-Larranaga and M.A. Martinez, 2006. Probiotics for animal nutrition in the European Union. Regulation and safety assessment. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 45: 91-95.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Arab, H.A., S. Rahbari, A. Rassouli, M.H. Moslemi and F. Khosravirad, 2006. Determination of artemisinin in Artemisia sieberi and anticoccidial effects of the plant extract in broiler chickens. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 38: 497-503.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Bagchi, D., M. Bagchi, S.J. Stohs, D.K. Das and S.D. Ray et al., 2000. Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: Importance in human health and disease prevention. Toxicology, 148: 187-197.
CrossRefDirect Link - Berezin, V.E., A.P. Bogoyavlenskiy, V.P. Tolmacheva, N.R. Makhmudova and S.S. Khudyakova et al., 2008. Immunostimulating complexes incorporating Eimeria tenella antigens and plant saponins as effective delivery system for coccidia vaccine immunization. J. Parasitol., 94: 381-385.
PubMed - Berkelhammer, G., 2003. A medical compound derived from herbs. Science, 299: 1985-1985.
CrossRefDirect Link - Betti, M., T.I. Perez, M.J. Zuidhof and R.A. Renema, 2009. Omega-3-enriched broiler meat: 3. Fatty acid distribution between triacylglycerol and phospholipid classes. Poult. Sci., 88: 1740-1754.
CrossRefDirect Link - Bodet, C., F. Chandad and D. Grenier, 2006. Anti-inflammatory activity of a high-molecular-weight cranberry fraction on macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharides from periodontopathogens. J. Dent. Res., 85: 235-239.
CrossRefDirect Link - Boyle, E.C., J.L. Bishop, G.A. Grassl and B.B. Finlay, 2007. Salmonella: From pathogenesis to therapeutics. J. Bacteriol., 189: 1489-1495.
CrossRefDirect Link - Brenes, A., A. Viveros, I. Goni, C. Centeno, S.G. Sayago-Ayerdy, I. Arija and F. Saura-Calixto, 2008. Effect of grape pomace concentrate and vitamin E on digestibility of polyphenols and antioxidant activity in chickens. Poult. Sci., 87: 307-316.
CrossRef - Cardoso, M.P., J.M. David and J.P. David, 2005. A new alkyl phenol from Schinopsis brasiliensis. Nat. Prod. Res., 19: 431-433.
PubMed - Chapman, H.D., 2009. A landmark contribution to poultry science-Prophylactic control of coccidiosis in poultry. Poult. Sci., 88: 813-815.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Giannenas, I., P. Florou-Paneri, M. Papazahariadou, E. Christaki, N.A. Botsoglou, and A.B. Spais, 2003. Effect of dietary supplementation with oregano essential oil on performance of broilers after experimental infection with Eimeria tenella. Arch. Anim. Nutr., 57: 99-106.
CrossRefDirect Link - Hamidi, H., J. Pourreza and H. Rahimi, 2009. Dietary betaine affect duodenal histology of broilers challenged with a mixed coccidial infection. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 12: 291-295.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Haslam, E., 2007. Vegetable tannins-lessons of a phytochemical lifetime. Phytochemistry, 68: 2713-2721.
PubMed - Jang, S.I., M.H. Jun, H.S. Lillehoj, R.A. Dalloul, I.K. Kong, S. Kim and W. Min, 2007. Anticoccidial effect of green tea-based diets against Eimeria maxima. Vet. Parasitol., 144: 172-175.
CrossRefDirect Link - Naidoo, V., L.J. McGaw, S.P.R. Bisschop, N. Duncan and J.N. Eloff, 2008. The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Vet. Parasitol., 153: 214-219.
CrossRefDirect Link - Navarro-Peran, E., J. Cabezas-Herrera, F. Garcia-Canovas, M.C. Durrant, R.N. Thorneley and J.N. Rodriguez-Lopez, 2005. The antifolate activity of tea catechins. Cancer Res., 65: 2059-2064.
PubMed - Nweze, N.E. and I.S. Obiwulu, 2009. Anticoccidial effects of Ageratum conyzoides. J. Ethnopharmacol., 122: 6-9.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Oviedo-Rondon, E.O., M.E. Hume, C. Hernandez and S. Clemente-Hernandez, 2006. Intestinal microbial ecology of broilers vaccinated and challenged with mixed Eimeria species and supplemented with essential oil blends. Poult. Sci., 85: 854-860.
CrossRefDirect Link - Schiavone, A., K. Guo, S. Tassone, L. Gasco, E. Hernandez, R. Denti and I. Zoccarato, 2008. Effects of a natural extract of chestnut wood on digestibility, performance traits and nitrogen balance of broiler chicks. Poult. Sci., 87: 521-527.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Song, J.M., K.H. Lee and B.L. Seong, 2005. Antiviral effect of catechins in green tea on influenza virus. Antiviral Res., 68: 66-74.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Song, J.M., K.D. Park, K.H. Lee, Y.H. Byun and J.H. Park et al., 2007. Biological evaluation of anti-influenza viral activity of semi-synthetic catechin derivatives. Antiviral Res., 76: 178-185.
CrossRefDirect Link - Wang, M.L., X. Suo, J.H. Gu, W.W. Zhang, Q. Fang and X. Wang, 2008. Influence of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in broiler chickens: Effect on chicken coccidiosis and antioxidant status. Poult. Sci., 87: 2273-2280.
CrossRefDirect Link - Williams, R.B., 1998. Epidemiological aspects of the use of live anticoccidial vaccines for chickens. Int. J. Parasitol., 28: 1089-1098.
PubMed - Youn, H.J. and J.W. Noh, 2001. Screening of the anticoccidial effects of herb extracts against Eimeria tenella. Vet. Parasitol., 96: 257-263.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link