Zakia A.M. Ahmed
Department of Animal, Poultry and Environmental Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
Zahraa H.EL Ghamdi
Department of Zoology, Girls College of Science, Al Dammam, KSA
Mashael M. Al-Namshaan
Department of Zoology, Girls College of Science, Al Dammam, KSA
ABSTRACT
The impact of winter climate on indoor and outdoor air particulate concentrations (ID and ODPC), concentrations of TSP, sizes and nature in broiler houses were recorded weekly. In closed and Open houses (Chs and OHs) significant positive correlations were recorded between ID and OD climate. Significantly decreased ID Ta.oC and A.V m/sec and increased RH% in open vs closed. OD Ta.oC significantly decreased and RH% increased around OHs vs CHs. In CHs increased (OPC) vs (IPC) except at the 3rd and 4th week. The Indoor Organic Particulate (IOP) started small in sizes (1-2 μm ID and < 5 μm OD). The maximum Particulate Concentration (PC) and sizes were at 3rd week old age on floor litter. In OHs the IPC were permanently increased vs OPC except at the 1st week. Before chicks admission (IOP) were dominated. The Chemical Composition of Organic Particulate Ones (CCOP) showed higher SIO % vs Inorganic Particulate (IP). The indoor organic and inorganic particulates (IOP and IIP) were of big sizes and contained variable percents of non organic oxides of Si+4, AL+3 and Ca+2. IP was smaller than OP at early age but increased with age and contained variable percents of SI, Fe and Ca oxides. Conclusively the dominancy of IOP and OOP with large sizes before admission to 3rd week may induce health risk for birds and keepers. Improper controlled system in stocked poultry houses and the outdoor climate positively affected the indoor one especially in winter.
PDF References
How to cite this article
Zakia A.M. Ahmed, Zahraa H.EL Ghamdi and Mashael M. Al-Namshaan, 2011. Indoor Air Particulates in Broiler Environment During Winter. International Journal of Poultry Science, 10: 269-275.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2011.269.275
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2011.269.275
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2011.269.275
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2011.269.275
REFERENCES
- Al-Dagal, M. and D.Y.C. Fung, 1990. Aeromicrobiology: A review. Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr., 29: 333-340.
PubMed - Conceicao, M.A.P., H.E. Johnson and C.M. Wathes, 1989. Air Hygiene in a pullet house: Spatial homogeneity of aerial pollutants. Br. Poult. Sci., 30: 765-776.
PubMed - Davis, M. and T.Y. Morishita, 2005. Relative ammonia concentrations, dust concentrations and presence of Salmonella species and Escherichia coli inside and outside commercial layer facilities. Avian Dis., 49: 30-35.
PubMed - Donham, K.J., 1986. Hazardous agents in agricultural dusts and methods of evaluation. Am. J. Ind. Med., 10: 205-220.
PubMed - Eglite, M.E., M.E. Kapitonova, S.I. Karpachevska, T.A. Farbtukh and I.A. Khintsenberg, 1991. Problems of work hygiene and occupational pathology in industrial poultry breeding farms. Gig. Turk. Prof. Zabol., 2: 3-6.
PubMed - Ellen, H.H., R.W. Bottcher, E. Von Wachefett and H. Takai, 2000. Dusts levels and control methods in poultry houses. J. Agric. Safe. Health, 6: 275-282.
PubMed - Golbabe, F. and F. Islami, 2000. Evaluation of workers exposure to dust, ammonia and endotoxin in poultry industries at the province of Isfahan, Iran. Ind. Health, 38: 41-41.
Direct Link - Jones, W., K. Morring, S.A. Olenchock, T. Willioms and J. Hieckey, 1984. Environmental study of poultry confinement buildings. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 45: 760-760.
PubMed - Just, N., C. Duchaine and B. Singh, 2009. An aerobiological perspective of dust in cage-housed and floor-housed poultry operations. J. Occupational Med. Toxicol., 4: 13-13.
CrossRef - Louhellainen, K., J. Kanagas, K. Husaman and E.O. Therho, 1987. Total concentration of dust in the air during farm work. Eur. J. Respir. Dis. Suppl., 152: 73-79.
PubMed - Conceicao, M.A.P., H.E. Johnson and C.M. Wathes, 1989. Air Hygiene in a pullet house: Spatial homogeneity of aerial pollutants. Br. Poult. Sci., 30: 765-776.
PubMed - Petkov, G. and B.D. Baikov, 1984. Microbial content of the air in poultry houses. Vet. Med. Nauki, 21: 123-130.
PubMed - Radon, K., B. Danuser, M. Iversen, E. Monso and C. Weber et al., 2002. Air contaminants in different European farming environments. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med., 9: 41-48.
PubMedDirect Link - Redwine, J.S., R.E. Lacey, S. Mukhtar and J.B. Carey, 2002. Concentration and emission of ammonia and particulate matter in tunnel ventilated broiler houses under summer conditions in Texas. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., 45: 1101-1109.
Direct Link - Senthilselvan, A., J. Beach, J. Feddes, N. Cherry and I. Wenger, 2010. A prospective evaluation of air quality and worker's health in broiler and layer operations. Occup. Environ. Med., 68: 102-107.
CrossRef - Thelin, A., O. Tegler and R. Rylander, 1984. Lung reactions during handling related to dust and bacterial endotoxin levels. Eur. J. Resp. Dis., 65: 266-271.
PubMed - Wathes, C.M., M.R. Holden, R.W. Sneathr, R.P. White and V.R. Philips, 1997. Concentrations and emission rates of aerial ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, carbon dioxide, dust and endotoxin in UK broiler and layer houses. Br. Poult. Sci., 38: 14-28.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Zucker, B.A., S. Trjan and W. Muller, 2000. Airborne gram-negative bacteria flora in animal houses. Vet. Med. J. B., 47: 37-46.
PubMed