Trends in Applied Sciences Research1819-35792151-7908Science International10.3923/tasr.2008.303.318El-FikySamia A.OthmanOthman E.BalabelEsraa A.Abd-ElbasetSoheir A.4200834The present study investigated the protective role of royal jelly against mutagenic effect of adriamycin and/or cobalt gamma radiation in rats. The pretreatment of royal jelly for ten days before adriamycin treatment or/and gamma exposure showed a decrease in their mutagenic effect. Royal jelly administration decreased the different types of chromosomal aberrations induced by adriamycin without significant levels in 2nd, 4th, 7th and 14th days after adriamycin treatment, except the total structural aberrations with gaps in 7th day decreased significantly at p<0.05. Also the royal jelly pretreatment induced decreases of DNA fragmentation induced by adriamycin with a highly significant level (p<0.001) in 4th day after adriamycin treatment and this significant decrease continued for two weeks after adriamycin treatment. The result showed that there was no significant decrease in the number of aberrations in 2nd and 4th days after irradiation, while the total number of structural aberrations decreased significantly at p<0.01 in 7th day and at p<0.05 in 14th days after gamma exposure. Also, the royal jelly pretreatment induced a significant decrease of the DNA fragmentation in 2nd day after gamma exposure at a level p<0.01 and this significant increase reached to p<0.001 level in 4th, 7th and 14th after exposure. The statistical analysis showed that the royal jelly pretreatment decreased the numbers of all aberrations induced in combined treatment (adriamycin plus gamma radiation) group without any significant level, except the total number of structural aberrations in 2nd day where it decreased at p<0.05. 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