Research Journal of Phytochemistry1819-34712151-6081Science International10.3923/rjphyto.2009.1.12Diospyros lotus Leaves]]>SaidA. HawasUsama W. NofalSalwa M. RashedK. HuefnerA. 1200931This study evaluated phytochemical and some biological activities of the aqueous methanolic extract of the leaves of Diospyros lotus L. Eight phenolic compounds were isolated and identified as gallic acid, methylgallate, ellagic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, myricetin 3-O-β-glucuronide and myricetin 3-O-α-rhamnoside. The structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis. The extract was tested for antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities. The 70% methanolic extract of D. lotus up to 5 g kg-1 b. wt. revealed no obvious toxic effects in mice and its antioxidant activity showed a marked significant scavenging activity. On the other hand, the extract indicates a central and peripheral analgesic effect. The acute paw oedema response was significantly reduced. The protective effect of the extract against acetaminophen induced liver damage was indicated by the reduction of the elevation of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyItransferase (GGT) that caused by acetaminophen. The phenolic compounds isolated from Diospyros lotus in this study were found to be isolated for the first time from the genus Diospyros.]]>Ahmet, F.A. and A. Kadioglu, 1998Diospyros lotus L.]]>226972Amimoto, T., T. Matsura, S.Y. Koyama, T. Nakanishi, K. Yamada and G. Kajiyama, 199519169176Armitage, P., 1971pp: 147pp: 147Beales, D. and A.E. McLean, 1996107201208Bergmeyer, H.U., M. Horder and R. Rej, 198624481495Bown, D.,1995Pages: 424.Pages: 424.Brummitt, R.K.,1992Pages: 804Pages: 804Chakraborty, A., R.K.B. Devi, S. Rita, K.H. Sharatchandra and T.I. Singh,2004Spilanthes acmella in experimental animal models.]]>36148150Chauhan, O., J.L. Godhwani, N.K. Khanna and V.K. Pendse, 1998Muktashukti bhasma.]]>36985989Chittendon, F., 1956pp: 200pp: 200Chopra, R.N., S.L. Nayar and I.C. Chopra,19863rd Edn.,Cronquist, A.,1981Pages: 1262Pages: 1262Eaton, M., 2003404154Foo, L.Y., 1993Phyllantus amarus.]]>33487491Govindarajan, R., S. Rastogi, M. Vijayakumar, A. Shirwaikar, A.K. Rawat, S. Mehrotra and P. Pushpangadan, 2003Desmodium gangeticum.]]>2614241427Harborne, J.B. and T.J. Mabry,1982pp: 24-132pp: 24-132Hawas, U.W., 2007Chrozophora brocchiana.]]>21632640Hedrick, U.P., 1972pp: 46pp: 46Koster, R., M. Anderson and E.J. de Beer,195918412412Litchfield, Jr. J.T. and F. Wilcoxon,19499699113Mabry, T.J., K.R. Markham and M.B. Thomas,1970Pages: 354Pages: 354Maige, A., K.E. Malterud, D. Diallo and B.S. Paulsen, 2005Diospyros abyssinicac (Hiern) F. White (Ebenaceae), Lannea velutina A. Rich (Anacardiaceae) and Crossopteryx fbrifuga (Afzel) Benth. (Rubiaceae).]]>104132137Mallavadhani, U.V., K.A. Panda and Y.R. Rao,199849901951Markham, K.R.,19821st Edn.,Meng, L., R. Mohan, B.H.B. Kwok, M. Elofsson, N. Sin and C.M. Crews, 1999in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.]]>961040310408Nawwar, M.A.M., S.A.M. Hussein and I. Merfort, 1994Punica granatum. ]]>36793798Ng, F.S.P., 1986Vol. 3,pp: 56-94pp: 56-94Obukowics, M.G., D.J. Welsch, W.J. Salsgiver, C.L. Martin-Berger and K.S. Chinn et al.,2005287157166Paget, G.E. and J.M. Barnes, 1964pp: 1-135pp: 1-135Peiwu, L., A. Hopia, S. Jari, T. Yrjönen and H. Vuorela,19991999Peres, W., M.J. Tunon, P.S. Collado, S. Herrmann, N. Marroni and J. Gonzalez-Gallego, 200033742750Samuelsen, A.B., 2000Plantago major L. A review.]]>71121Simmons, A.E., 1972Szasz, G., 196915124136Vinegar, R., J.F. Truax and J.L. Selph, 1976372330Whitmore, T.C., 19781978pp: 132-134pp: 132-134Winter, C.A., E.A. Risley and G.W. Nuss,1962111544547Woolfe, G. and A.D. MacDonald,194480300307Yao, P., A. Nussler, L. Liu, L. Hao, F. Song, A. Schirmeier and N. Nussler,200747253261Ebrahimzadeh, M.A., F. Pourmorad and A.R. Bekhradnia,2008731883192Halliwell, B., 200773341347Khasan, T., L.G. Matyukhina and I.A. Saltykova,1976Diospyros lotus.]]>11118118Pathak, A., D.K. Kulshreshtha and R. Maurya,2004Diospyros angustifolia.]]>6521532158Yoshihira, K., M. Tezuka and S. Natori,1971Diospyros lotus L. and D. morrisiana HANCE.]]>1923082313Vermeulen, N.P.E., J.G.M. Bessems, R. van de straat,199224367407Robak, J. and R.J. Gryglewski,198837837841