Plant Pathology Journal1812-53871812-5425Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ppj.2012.42.50Fusarium
Wilt Induced by Plant Extracts]]>ArzooKahkashan Kumar BiswasSamir RajikMohd. 22012112The potentiality of different plant extracts like bark of
Eucalyptus lanceolotus and Terminalia arjuna, tubers of Cyperus
rotundus, leaves of Withania somnifera, Azadirachta indica,
Datura stramonium, Acacia arabica, Cymbopogon flexuosus
and Parthenium hysterophorus, cloves of Allium sativum, bulb of
Allium cepa, fruits of Emblica officinalis and rhizome of Zingiber
officinale as inducers were assessed on physiological and biochemical activities
in tomato against fusarim wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
and the results showed that pre-application of inducers provided protection
to the tomato plant and reduced the disease intensity. The minimum disease intensity
(8.93%) was reported from garlic extract treated plant whereas, in case of control-I
it was 96.12%. Treatment with plant extracts as inducers prior to challenge
inoculation sensitized the seedlings to produce increased levels of soluble
protein. The maximum increase in protein content was found in garlic extract
treated seedlings (32.62 mg g-1) after 15 days of pathogen inoculation.
A high content of phenols which are indicators of first stage of defence mechanism,
was also recorded in treated leaves with maximum in garlic extract treatment
representing 2.28 mg g-1 of fresh leaves against 1.52 mg g-1
of fresh leaves in control-II after 15 days of pathogen inoculation. The soluble
protein content (r = -0.5995) and total phenol content (r = -0.5313) both showed
a negative correlation with disease incidence. Apart from inducing effect in
plant defences, plant extracts have also some direct effect on growth and development
of the pathogen. Protein profiling by SDS-PAGE revealed that one new protein
is synthesized due to effect of inducers that might be responsible for disease.]]>Akila, R., L. Rajendran, S. Harish, K. Saveetha, T. Raguchander and R. Samiyappan,2011Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense causing Fusarium wilt in banana.]]>57175183Antoniw, J.F., C.E. Ritter, W.S. Pierpoint and L.C. van Loon,1980477987Attitalla, I. H., S. Brishammar and C. Camyon,199828308308Baysal, O., P. Laux and W. Zeller,2002Hedera helix against fire blight (Erwinia amylovora).]]>590273277Benhamou, N.,19959861880Bergaoui, A., N. Boughalleb, H.B. Jannet, F. Harzallah-Shiric, M. El-Mahjoub and Z. Mighri,2007Opuntia species growing in Tunisia.]]>1024852489Biswas, S.K., K.D. Srivastava, R. Aggarwal, S. Praveen and D.V. Singh,2003Chaetomium globosum against spot blotch pathogen.]]>54374379Boller, T.,19851985pp: 247-262pp: 247-262Bray, H.G. and W.V. Thorpe,195412752Daayf, F., M. Ongena, R.E. Boulanger, I. Hadromi and R.R. Belanger,2000Reynoutria sachalinensis.]]>2615791593De Cal, A. and P.Y. Melgarejo,2001Penicillium oxallicum prolongs biocontrol of fusarium wilt of tomato plants.]]>107805811Derbalah, A.S., M.S. El-Mahrouk and A.B. El-Sayed,2011Alternaria solani.]]>10115121Doubrava, N.S., R.A. Dean and J. Kuc,1988Colletotrichum lagenarium in cucumber by oxalate and extracts from spinach and rhubarb leaves.]]>336979El-Khallal, S.M.,2007Fusarium wilt disease by bioagent fungi (arbuscular mycorrhiza) and/or hormonal elicitors (jasmonic acid & salicylic acid): 1-Changes in growth, some metabolic activities and endogenous hormones related to defence mechanism.]]>1691705Gomez, K.A. and A.A. Gomez,19762nd Edn.,pp: 357-427pp: 357-427Hammerschmidt, R. and J. Kuc,1995He, C.Y., T. Hsiang and D.J. Wolyn,2002Asparagus officinalis inoculated with nonpathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum.]]>51225230Jabeen, N.N., M.Y. Ahmad and G.P.A. Shafi,200945261Kessmann, H., R. Edwards, P.W. Geno and R.A. Dixon,1990Medicago sativa L.) constitutive and elicitor induced accumulation of isoflavonoid conjugates in cell suspension cultures.]]>94227232Kuc, J.,199533275297Kumar, A.,2008Fusarium wilt in tomato with inorganic chemicals.]]>2008Kumawat, G.L., S.K. Biswas and S.S.L. Srivastava,200861197203Laemmli, U.K.,1970227680685Latha, P., T. Anand, N. Ragupathi, V. Prakasam and R. Samiyappan,2009Alternaria solani.]]>508593Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr and R.J. Randall,1951193265275Mandal, S., N. Mallick and A. Mitra,2009Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomato.]]>47642649Matern, U. and R.E. Kneusel,198816153170Metraux, J.P., H. Singer, J. Rayals, E. Ward and M. Wyss-Benz et al.,199025010041006Mishra, V.K., S.K. Biswas and M. Rajik,201127280Sallam, N.M.A.,201110187191Patil, S., S. Sriram, M.J. Savitha and N. Arulmani,2011Fusarium sp. for management of fusarium wilt.]]>4416211634Retig, N.,19744145148Singh, U.P., D. Ram and U.P. Tewari,1990Cicer aeritinum) by Aegel marmelos leaves against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.]]>97439443Spiegel, S., A. Gera, R.A.W.P. Salomon, S. Harlap and G. Loebenstein,198979258267Synder, W.C. and H.N. Hansen,1940276467Tuzun, S., M.N. Rao, U. Vogeli, C.L. Schardl and J. Kuc,198979979983Van Loon, L.C.,198385265273Van Loon, L.C. and Antoniew,198288237256Song, W., L. Zhou, C. Yang, X. Cao, L. Zhang and X. Liu,200423243247Wurms, K., C. Labbe, N. Benhamou and R.R. Belanger,199989728736Li, Y.Z., X.H. Zheng, H.L. Tang, J.W. Zhu and J.M. Yang, 2003Verticillium dahliae.]]>45802808Yokoyama, K., J.R. Aist and C.J. Bayles,1991397178Zaker, M. and H. Mosallanejad,2010Alternaria alternata, the causal agent of alternaria leaf spot of potato.]]>1310231029Cohen, Y.,1994Peronospore tabacina.]]>44273288Seleim, M.A.A., F.A. Saead, K.M.H. Abd-El-Moneem and K.A.M. Abo-Elyousr,201110146153Nicholson, R.L. and R. Hammerschmidt,199230369389