Plant Pathology Journal1812-53871812-5425Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ppj.2007.120.126Sarocladium oryzae, the Rice Sheath Rot Pathogen]]>NandakumarR. BabuS. AmuthaG. RaguchanderT. SamiyappanR. 2200762Phytotoxic metabolite produced by the five different isolates of Sarocladium oryzae, the rice sheath rot pathogen, was isolated from its in vitro culture filtrate to know the variability among isolates in terms of toxin production. The toxin was purified through solvent extraction and then by gel filtration on sephadex column. Carbohydrate and protein content of the toxin and the quantity of phytotoxin produced in planta were varied among isolates. Toxin from the five isolates also showed variation in its biological activity as detected in its ability to induce sheath rot symptoms on detached leaf sheath, greenhouse grown plants and to cause leakage of electrolytes from rice leaf sheath. The symptoms produced by the purified toxin were, symptoms similar to those of natural infection by the pathogen. The virulent isolates SO1 and SO2 produced more amount of toxin, more leakage of electrolytes and severe sheath rot symptoms. The in planta toxin production by different isolates was detected serologically, using the polyclonal antibody produced against SO1 toxin. Correlation between the variation in toxin production and the virulence of the pathogen was discussed.]]>Alagarswamy, G.,1989Sarocladium oryzae in vitro.]]>19114115Ayyadurai, N., S.I. Kirubakaran, S. Srisha and N. Sakthivel,2005Sarocladium oryzae, the sheath rot pathogen of rice (Oryza sativa L).]]>50319323Bhattacharya, D., T.K. Dhar and E. Ali,1992Macrophomina phaseolina-infected seeds.]]>5819701974Bradford, M.M.,197672248254Chung, H.S.,1975Acrocylindrium oryzae Sawada, testing varietals reactions and culture filtrate of the causal fungus (in Korean).]]>142327Ghosh, M.K., R. Amudha, S. Jayachandran and N. Sakthivel,2002Sarocladium oryzae in sheath rot-infected grains of rice.]]>34398401Haegi, A. and A. Porta-Puglia,1995Pyrenophora graminea.]]>46429444Hedge, J.E. and B.T. Hofreiter,19621962pp: 163-201pp: 163-201Hemalatha, R.G., S. Jebaraj, J.A.J. Raja, T. Raguchander, A. Ramanathan, R. Samiyappan and P. Balasubramanian,1999Sarocladium oryzae as a molecular sieve to select sheathrot-resistant somaclones of rice.]]>87580Hobbs, H.A., D.V.R. Reddy, R. Rajeswari and A.S. Reddy,198771747749Jeong, Y., J. Kim, S. Kim, Y. Kang, T. Nagamatsu and I. Hwang,2003Burkholderia glumae causing rice grain rot is responsible for inducing bacterial wilt in many field crops.]]>87890895Kang, A. and H. Buchenauer,1999Fusarium culmorum.]]>55275288Lalitha, B., J.P. Snow and G.T. Berggren,1989Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora the casual organism of stem canker of soybean.]]>79499504Mansoori, B., J.M. Milton and C.J. Smith,1995Verticillium species.]]>1433336Mohan, R. and C.L. Subramanian,1977Acrocylindrium oryzae Swada.]]>9101103Narayanasamy, P. and R. Viswanathan,199077256257Ou, S.H.,19852nd Edn.,Pages: 380Pages: 380Reddy, E.J.S., P.C. Reddy, M. Pravindrachary and S.M. Reddy,1984In vitro production of cellulolytic and pectolytic enzymes by Agrocylindrium oryzae, an incident of sheath rot of rice.]]>141317Sakthivel, N., R. Amutha and S. Muthukrishnan,2002Sarocladium oryzae.]]>106609614Samiyappan, R., G. Amutha, A. Kandan, R. Nandakumar and S. Babu et al.,2003Sarocladium oryzae, the rice sheath rot pathogen.]]>36247256Scheffer, R.J., J.I. Liem and D.M. Elgersema,1987in vitro of phytotoxic compounds by non-aggressive and aggressive isolates of Ophiostoma ulmi, the Dutch elm pathogen.]]>30321335Soledade, M., C. Edras and C.J. Biesenthal,1998Leptosphaeria maculans and its correlation with sirodesmin PL production.]]>44547553Shanmugam, S., S. Sriram, S. Babu, R. Nandakumar, T. Raguchander, P. Balasubramanian and R. Samiyappan,2001Trichoderma viride which degrades a phytotoxin associated with sheath blight disease in rice.]]>90320329Sriram, S., T. Raguchander, P. Vidhyasekaran, S. Muthukrishnan and R. Samiyappan,1997Rhizoctonia solani causing sheath blight in rice.]]>104260271Vidhyasekaran, P., T. Rubyponmalar, R. Samiyappan, R. Velazhahan and R. Vimala et al.,1997Rhizoctonia solani, the rice sheath blight pathogen.]]>8712581263Walker, S.L., S. Leath, W.M. Hagler and J.P. Murphy,2001Fusarium graminearum associated with fusarium head blight in North Carolina.]]>85404410