Pakistan Journal of Nutrition1680-51941994-7984Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjn.2013.244.249Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection in Rabbits and its Zoonotic Potentials]]>M. HamedDalia I. YoussefAhmed 32013123Staphylococcosis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus (MRSA) infection in rabbitry is neglected as a cause of rabbit production
impairment and zoonoses. This study aimed to monitor a rabbit flock problem
associated with MRSA infection by following a rapid and simple sampling and
diagnostic scheme. Resistance to antibiotics and zoonotic risk posed to human
contact and food contamination were assessed. The identification of S. aureus
was carried out by traditional bacteriological methods that confirmed with
PCR. Results showed that a total of 80 (39.21%) out of 204 animals from apparently
healthy rabbit were MRSA positive. The isolation rate was highest from nose/eye
(26.47%), followed by skin affections (8.82%) and vaginal/perineum (3.92%) sampling
sites. In post-mortem examination, MRSA was positive in 55 (26.96%) out of 204
animals. Isolation rate from lung was (22.05%) that was higher than from uterus
(7.81%). Resistance to antibiotics was shown in 59.9% of the isolates. All tested
isolates were methicillin and oxacillin resistant strains. Vancomycin and oxytetracycline
also were resistant in 91.66% of strains. Ciprofloxacin is considered the drug
of choice for treating multidrug resistant MRSA infections. MRSA was isolated
from nasal swab of attendant and slaughterhouse workers (42.6%). In conclusion,
high mortalities and infertility of rabbits caused by multi-drug resistant strains
of MRSA with dissemination to environment and contamination of rabbit meat shed
the light on its impacts on rabbit production and public health. Thus, large-scale
epidemiological investigations of MRSA in rabbitry in Egypt are needed.]]>Armand-Lefevre, L., R. Ruimy and A. Andremont,2005Staphylococcus aureus isolates from healthy pig farmers, human controls and pigs.]]>11711714Bogaert, D., P.W. Hermans, I.N. Grivea, G.S. Katopodis and T.J. Mitchell et al.,2003Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from greek children.]]>4156335639Cizman, M.,200321297307Corpa, J.M., K. Hermans and F. Haesebrouck,2009Staphylococcus aureus infections in rabbits: A review.]]>17115125Cucarella, C., M.A. Tormo, C. Ubeda, M.P. Trotonda and M. Monzon et al.,2004Staphylococcus aureus.]]>7221772185Devriese, L.A.,1984Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different animal species.]]>56215220Devriese, L.A., C. Godard, L. Okerman and L. Renault,1981Staphylococcus aureus strains from rabbits.]]>12327332Devriese, L.A., W. Hendrickx, C. Godard, L. Okerman and F. Haesebrouck,1996Staphylococcus aureus type in commercial rabbits.]]>43313315Goni, P., Y. Vergara, J. Ruiz, I. Albizu, J. Vila and R. Gomez-Lus,2004Staphylococcus aureus strains from ovine and rabbit mastitis.]]>23268272Hermans, K., P. de Herdt, L.A. Devriese, C. Godard and F. Haesebrouck,2000Staphylococcus aureus after experimental infection with high and low virulence strains.]]>72277284Hermans, K., P. de Herdt, L.A. Devriese, W. Hendrickx, C. Godard and F. Haesebrouck,1999Staphylococcus aureus in flocks with and without chronic staphylococcosis.]]>673746Hermans, K., L.A. Devriese and F. Haesebrouck,2003915764Holliman, A. and G. Girvan,1986119187187Khalafalla, F.A.,1993196233235Kloos, W.E. and T.L. Bannerman,1999Staphylococcus and Micrococcus.]]>1999pp: 264-282pp: 264-282Lee, Y.L., G. Gupta, T. Cesario, R. Lee and S. Nothvogel et al.,1996Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and ciprofloxacin during 20 months surveillance in a private skilled nursing facility.]]>17649653Levy, S.B. and B. Marshall,200410S122S129Mead, G.C. and C.E. Dodd,19906981S91SMonday, S.R. and G.A. Bohach,19993734113414Mork, T., T. Tollersrud, B. Kvitle, H.J. Jorgensen and S. Waage,2005Staphylococcus aureus genotypes recovered from cases of bovine, ovine and caprine mastitis.]]>4339793984Okerman, L., L.A. Devriese, L. Maertens, F. Okerman and C. Godard,1984114313315Rodriguez-Calleja, J.M., I. Garcia-Lppez, J.A. Santos, A. Otero and M.L. Garcia-Lopez,2006Staphylococcus aureus isolates from rabbit meat.]]>157496502Rosell, J.M. and L.F. de la Fuente,200988120127Segura, P., J. Martinez, B. Peris, L. Selva, D. Viana, J.R. Penades and J.M. Corpa,2007Staphylococcal infections in rabbit does on two industrial farms.]]>160869872Smith, R.D. and J. Coast,200280126133Smyth, D.S., E.J. Feil, W.J. Meaney, P.J. Hartigan and T. Tollersrud et al.,2009Staphylococcus aureus.]]>5813431353Tollefson, L. and B.E. Karp,200434514521Vancraeynest, D., F. Haesebrouck, A. Deplano, O. Denis, C. Godard, C. Wildemauwe and K. Hermans,2006Staphylococcus aureus clone.]]>53418422Vancraeynest, D., K. Hermans, A. Martel, M. Vaneechoutte, L.A. Devriese and F. Haesebrouck,2004Staphylococcus aureus strains from rabbits.]]>101245251Voss, A., F. Loeffen, J. Bakker, C. Klaassen and M. Wulf,2005Staphylococcus aureus in pig farming.]]>1119651966