Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2013.524.529El-SayedA. PrinceA. FawzyA. Nadra-Elwgoud AbdouM.I. OmarL. FayedA. SalemM. 1120131611In opposite to most countries, avian influenza virus H5N1 became endemic in Egypt. Since, its first emerge in 2006 in Egypt, the virus could infect different species of birds and animals and even human. Beside the great economic losses to the local poultry industry in Egypt, the virus infected 166 confirmed human cases, 59 cases ended fatally. In the present study, the persistence of the avian influenza in the Egyptian environment was studied. For this purpose, serum samples were collected from human, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goat, horses, donkeys, swine, sewage rats, stray dogs and stray cats. The sera were collected from Cairo and the surrounding governorates to be examined for the presence of anti-H5N1 antibodies by Haemagglutination Inhibition Test (HI) and ELISA test. Clear differences in the seroprevalence were noticed among different species and also between the results obtained by both techniques indicating the difference in test accuracy. The present data indicate wide spread of the H5N1 virus in the Egyptian environment.]]>Abdel-Moneim, A.S., A.E. Abdel-Ghany and S.A. Shany,20102010Abdel-Moneim, A.S., M.A. Afifi and M.F. El-Kady,20112011Abdel-Moneim, A.S., G.M. Shehab and A.A. Abu-Elsaad,201115612571262Abdelwhab, E.M. and H.M. Hafez,2011139647657Aly, M.M., A. Arafa and M.K. Hassan,200852269277Arafa, A., D. Suarez, S.G. Kholosy, M.K. Hassan and S. Nasef et al.,201215719311947Beato, M.S., M. Mancin, J. Yang, A. Buratin and M. Ruffa et al.,2013435350356Butler, D.,2006439773773Cattoli, G., M. Adelaide, N. Temperton, B. Zecchin and A. Buratin et al.,20118587188724Choi, Y.K., T.D. Nguyen, H. Ozaki, R.J. Webby and P. Puthavathana et al.,2005791082110825Cyranoski, D.,2005435390391Dejpichai, R., Y. Laosiritaworn, P. Phuthavathana, T.M. Uyeki and M. O'Reilly et al.,20092009Didymus, J.T.,20112011El-Sayed, A., A. Fayed, W.S. Awad and M. Zschock,2010617521758El-Sayed, A., W. Awad, A. Fayed, H.P. Hamann and M. Zschock,201016726727El-Zoghby, E.F., A.S. Arafa, M.K. Hassan, M.M. Aly and A. Selim et al.,2012Colinus virginianus) in Egypt.]]>15711671172FAO,20112011FAO-OIE-WHO,20112011Kage, B.,20072007Kalthoff, D., B. Hoffmann, T. Harder, M. Durban and M. Beer,20081411321134Klopfleisch, R., P.U. Wolf, W. Uhl, S. Gerst and T. Harder et al.,200744261268Kuiken, T.H., R. Fouchier, G. Rimmelzwaan, A. Osterhaus and P. Roeder,2006440741742Lerdsamran, H., C. Pittayawonganon, P. Pooruk, A. Mungaomklang and S. Iamsirithaworn et al.,20112011Lin, C., R.E. Jr. Holland, M.H. McCoy, J. Donofrio-Newman, M.L. Vickers and T.M. Chambers,20104357361Maas, R., M. Tacken, L. Ruuls, G. Koch, E. van Rooij and N. Stockhofe-Zurwieden,20071312191221Marschall, J. and K. Hartmann,200810359365Marschall, J., B. Schulz, T.C.H. Priv-Doz, T.W.V. Priv-Doz, J. Huebner, E. Huisinga and K. Hartmann,200810355358OIE,20052005Oluwayelu, D.O., C.O. Aiki-Raji, N. Che and O. Ahmadu,2011142326Recombinomics,20062006Rimmelzwaan, G.F., D. van Riel, M. Baars, T.M. Bestebroer and G. van Amerongen et al.,2006168176183Rowe, T., R.A. Abernathy, J.H. Primmer, W.W. Thompson and X. Lu et al.,199937937943Shortridge, K.F., N.N. Zhou, Y. Guan, P. Gao and T. Ito et al.,1998252331342Songserm, T., A. Amonsin, R. Jam-on, N. Sae-Heng and N. Pariyothorn et al.,20061217441747Thiry, E., A. Zicola, D. Addie, H. Egberink and K. Hartmann et al.,20071222531Watanabe, Y., M.S. Ibrahim, Y. Suzuki and K. Ikuta,2012201120Witthawat, W., P. Weena, P. Kranapone, P. Pirom and C. Kridsda et al.,20092009