Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2013.160.167In vivo Study in Plasmodium berghei Infected Mice]]>IribhogbeO.I. AgbajeE.O. OreagbaI.A. AinaO.O. OtaA.D. 42013164Free radical production from oxidative stress induced by malaria infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of malaria. However, the use of agents with antioxidant activity may interfere with malaria progression. The study involves an in vivo evaluation of the role of some antioxidant micronutrients in the modulation of malaria infection. Rodent malaria model using Plasmodium berghei NK-65 strain (chloroquine sensitive) was used for the study. Fourty five mice of either sex weighing 20.05±0.02 g were procured for the study. Fourty mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1x107 million Plasmodium berghei infected erythrocyte and were administered with 0.2 mL of distilled water, 0.2 mL of vehicle; Tween 80 (control and vehicle group), chloroquine 25 mg kg-1 and artesunate 4 mg kg-1 (standard drug group), vitamin A 60 mg kg-1, vitamin E 100 mg kg-1, selenium 1 mg kg-1, zinc 100 mg kg-1 (test group F, G, H and I, respectively) 72 hours post inoculation. Antioxidant micronutrients demonstrated significant (p<0.05) schizonticidal activity when compared with negative control during the 4 day curative test. Erythrocyte membrane distability was most markedly elevated in the tween 80 group (426.15%), followed closely by the chloroquine (373.85%) treated group and artesunate group (329.23%) and least in the zinc treated group (32.31%). There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in MCFI values (0.115±0.002; 0.114±0.002 g dL-1) between vitamin A treated group and selenium treated group respectively. However, this was significant (p<0.05) between the micronutrient treated groups and the control (negative, positive and vehicle). Conclusively, antioxidant micronutrients have antimalarial activity which may be due potentiation of erythrocyte membrane stabilization.]]>Adelekan, D.A., O.O. Adeodu and D.I. Thurnham,199717223227Avery, R.A. and W.J. Bettger,1988118987994Avery, R.A. and W.J. Bettger,1992122428434Alanazi, F.,20107358365Azeez, O.I. and J.O. Oyewale,2010Agama agama).]]>17185188Avigad, L.S. and A.W. Bernheimer,19761313781381Bettger, W.J. and B.L. O'Dell,19934194207Bray, T.M. and W.J. Bettger,19908281291Chikezie, P.C.,2007Aframomum melegueta, Garina kola and Cymbopogon Citracus).]]>13496499Clark, I.A. and N.H. Hunt,19833916Das, B.S. and N.K. Nanda,1999935862Fidock, D.A., P.J. Rosenthal, S.L. Croft, R. Brun and S. Nwaka,20043509520Driscoll, E.R. and W.J. Bettger,199126459466Schrauzer, G.N.,200013016531656Guan, J., J. Stewart, J.H. Ware, Z. Zhou, J.J. Donahue and A.R. Kennedy,2006165373378Guan, J., X.S. Wan, Z. Zhou, J. Ware, J.J. Donahue, J.E. Biaglow and A.R. Kennedy,2004162572579Hsiao, L.L., R.J. Howard, M. Aikawa and T.F. Taraschi,1991P. falciparum.]]>274121132Hussey, G.D. and C.J. Clements,199616307317Johanning, G.L. and B.L. O'Dell,198911916541660Kelle, M., H. Diken, A. Sermet, M. Atmaca and C. Tumer,19992995100Kennedy, A.R., J.H. Ware, J. Guan, J.J. Donahue and J.E. Biaglow et al.,200436259266Kraus, A., H.P. Roth and M. Kirchgessner,1997143037Kremsner, P.G., B. Greve, B. Lell, D. Luckner and D. Schmid,20003554041Lee, J., N. Koo and D.B. Min,200432133Obernier, J.A. and R.L. Baldwin,200647364369O'Dell, B.L., J.D. Browning and P.G. Reeves,198711718831889Oncu, M., F. Gultekin, E. Karaoz, I. Altuntas and N. Delibas,200221223230Okochi, V.I. and J. Okpuzor,2005415681579Oreagba, A.I. and R.B. Ashorobi,2006Plasmodium berghei infection in mice.]]>6838842Ozturk, O. and S. Gumuslu,20047515511565Peter, W., H. Portus and L. Robinson,1975in vivo antimalarial test.]]>69155171Peters, W.,1965Plasmodium berghei Vincke and Lips, 1948. I. Chloroquine resistance.]]>178089Paterson, P.G., O.B. Allen and W.J. Bettger,198711720962105Paterson, P.G. and W.J. Bettger,19851985pp: 79-83pp: 79-83Powers, S.K. and M.J. Jackson,20088812431276Reid, M.E. and N. Mohandas,20044193117 Roth, H.P. and M. Kirchgessner,199414650Semba, R.D.,199856S38S48Shankar, A.H., B. Genton, M. Baisor, J. Paino and S. Tamja et al.,2000Plasmodium falciparum: A randomized trial in preschool children in Papua New Guinea.]]>62663669Sherman, I.W.,1979Plasmodium (Malarial Parasites).]]>43453495Stern, A.,19861986pp: 331-349pp: 331-349Stocker, R., N.H. Hunt, G.D. Buffinton, M.J. Weideman, P.H. Lewis-Hughes and I.A. Clark,1985Plasmodium vinckei load.]]>82548551Takeda, Y., Y. Ogiso and T. Miwatani,1977Vibrio parahaemolyticus, streptolysin O and Triton X-100.]]>17239243Wagner, G.M., B.H. Lubin and D.T.Y. Chiu,19881988pp: 185-195pp: 185-195Wambi, C., J. Sanzari, X.S. Wan, M. Nuth and J. Davis et al.,2008169384396Wan, X.S., P. Bloch, J.H. Ware, Z. Zhou and J.J. Donahue et al.,2005163364368Wan, X.S., J.H. Ware, Z. Zhou, J.J. Donahue, J. Guan and A.R. Kennedy,20066414751481Wo, W.H. and F.Y. Yang,19862911771185Yarrington, J.T., C.K. Whitehair and R.M. Corwin,1973103231241