Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2008.1630.1633SayariM. AvizehR. BaratiF. 1220081112Visceral Leishmania (VL) with diverse clinical
manifestation is prevalent and remains a major public health problem in
Iran. This study was performed in Ahwaz, Khozestan province southwest
to increase immune system and to reduce of the renal lesions. Treatment
of dogs with visceral leishmaniosis is basically the same as the treatment
of human. However, cure is not usually achieved, leaving the sacrifice
of animal as the only feasible choice. The goal of this work was to test
the therapeutic efficacy of N-methyl glutamic antimoate (glucnime), Mycobacterium
vaccae adjuvant (SRL 172), alone and in association with L. major
promastigote and the latter compound in association to glucantime,
in dog with visceral leishmaniasis. In this trial 18, mixed bred dogs
with different ages, receiving amastigte promastigote of L. infantum
intravenously were used. They were monitored for 6 months. Serologic assays
(Elisa, Dot and IFAT) were perfomed on blood samples of each animal. The
animals were divided into six groups, each having 3 dogs: Group 1: receiving
100 mg kg-1 day-1 Glucantime for 30 days, IM. Group
2: Receiving 3 mg dog-1 (0.1 mL) of Mycobacterium vaccae
adjuvant suspension intradermaly. Group 3: receiving L. major promastigote
plus M. vaccae adjuvant each of them 0.1 mL intradermaly by one
month intervals for 3 months. Group 4: receiving Glucantime in association
L. major promastigote plus M. vaccae adjuvant with previous
doses. Group 5: Receiving no treatment. Group 6: was control group with
no infection and treatment. In microscopic evaluation following lesions
have been shown in kidney: Chronic, interstitial nephritis, sever glomerulosclerosis,
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and also non suppurative nephritis
were the lesions in 5 groups. The prescription of Mycobacterium vaccae
adjurant was able to reduce the number of parasites in the macrophages
of liver and spleen in this round of treatment.]]>Cecci, L., V. Marrano, F. Petazzi, N. Kondaiah, A.S.R. Anjaneyulu, N. Keshava, N. Sharma and N. Joshi,198639335339Dantas-Torres, F.,2007Leishmania parasites, with emphasis on Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and Leishmania (Viannia) Braziliensis.]]>10139146Denerolle, P. and G. Bourdoiseau,19995413415Deplazes, P., N. Smith, P. Arnold, H. Lutz and J. Eckert,19951 and IgG2 antibody response of dogs to Leishmania infantum and other parasites.]]>17451458Font, A. and M. Closa,199738394396Font, A., J. Mascort, J. Altimira, J.M. Closa and M. Vilafranca,200445199201Gradoni, L.,2001Leishmania vaccine. ]]>10087103Grauer, G.F.,19927187197Hofman, V., P. Brousset, E. Mougneau, P. Marty and L. Lamant et al.,2003Leishmania caused by Leishmania infantum using monoclonal antibody (19-11 ) to the Leishmania homologue of receptors for activated C-kinase.]]>120567574Hroudae, D., B. Baban, W. Dunsmuir, R. Kirby and A. Dalgleish,1998Mycobacteriam vaccae.]]>82568573Joao, A., M.A. Pereira, S. Cortes and G.M. Santos-Gomes,2006Leishmania transmission.]]>53540545Lamoth, J.,200142170175Mcgavin, M.D. and J.F. Zachary,20074th Edn.pp: 622-630pp: 622-630Mohebali, M., E. Hamzavi and Z. Zarei,2001565559Moritz, A., S. Steuber and M. Greiner,199923279293Murray, H.W.,20014521852197Nieto, C., M. Navarrete, M. Habela, F. Serrano and E. Rodendo,1992Leishmania infection.]]>453347Plevraki, K., A.F. Koutinas, H. Kaldrymidou, N. Roumpies, L.G. Papazoglou, M.N. Saridomichelakis, I. Savvas and L. Leondides,2006Leishmania infantum).]]>20228233Riera, C., M. Valladares, M.J. Gallego, S. Alisa, R. Catille Jo, N. Fisa, J. Ribas, J. Carrio, M. Lerola and M. Arboix,1999Leishmania infantum and treated with glucantime.]]>843347Silva, F.G.,2004327184Slappendel, R.J. and E. Teks,1997191013Valladares, J.E., C. Riera, M.J. Alberola, M. Gallego, C. Portus, C.F. Cristofol, C. Ranhuelo and M. Arboix,2001921521Valli, O.E.V. and W.B. Pary,19934th Edn.pp: 249-250pp: 249-250Weisinger, J.R., A. Pinto, G.A. Velazquez, I. Bronstein and J.J. Dessene et al.,197827357357Workman, H.C. and W. Vernau,20033313791399