Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2007.3693.3697Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in Nutrient Broth Medium]]>MohsenzadehMohammad 1220071020The antibacterial effect of different concentrations (0.01 to 15%) of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) caraway seed (Carum carvi), fennel (Foeniculum vulgar), tarragon (Artmesia dracunculus) and pennyroyal (Mentha pullegium) essential oils on the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was studied in nutrient broth medium. The MIC values of peppermint, fennel, thyme, pennyroyal and caraway essential oils against Escherichia coli were 0.5±0.03, 1±0.03, 0.3±0.01, 0.7±0.03 and 0.6±0.02% and in contrast, for Staphylococcus aureus were 0.4±0.01, 2±0.13, 0.1±0.01, 0.5±0.02 and 0.5±0.02%, respectively. The MBC values of peppermint, fennel, thyme, pennyroyal and caraway essential oils for Escherichia coli were 0.7±0.02, 2±0.05, 0.5±0.02, 1±0.02 and 0.8±0.02 and for Staphylococcus aureus were 0.5±0.02, 4±0.26, 0.3±0.02, 0.7±0.02 and 0.6±0.01, respectively. Statistical evaluation of the results indicated that the essential oils of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) showed the broadest spectrum of action (p<0.05). Essential oils of peppermint (Mentha piperita), caraway seed (Carum carvi), pennyroyal (Menthae pullegium) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgar) had moderate effect against tested microorganisms and in contrast, tarragon essential oil were less effective against tested microorganisms. In conclusion, essential oils of edible plants could be a potential source for inhibitory substances for some foodborne pathogens. Natural substances that extracted from plants have applications in controlling pathogens in foods.]]>Awadh Ali, N.A., W.D. Julich, C. Kusnick and U. Lindequist,200174173179Barry, A.L.,1976Basaga, H., C. Tekkaya and F. Acikel,199730105108Benkeblia, N.,2004Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum).]]>37263268Bowles, B.L. and V.K. Juneja,199818101112Burt, A.S. and R.D. Reinders,2003Escherichia coli O157:H7.]]>36162167Camporese, A., M.J. Balick, R. Arvigo, R.G. Esposito, N. Morsellino, F. De Simone and A. Tubaro,200387103107Chami, N., F. Chami, S. Bennis, J. Trouillas and A. Remmal,20048217226Conner, D.E. and L.R. Beuchat,198447229233Conner, D.E. and L.R. Beuchat,198449429434Cox, S.D., C.M. Mann, J.L. Markham, H.C. Bell, J.E. Gustafson, J.R. Warmington and S.G. Wyllie,2000Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil).]]>88170175Cuvelier, M.E., H. Richard and C. Berset,199673645652Davidson, P.M. and M.E. Parish,198943148155Davidson, P.M.,19971997pp: 520-556pp: 520-556Delaquis, P.J., K. Stanich, B. Girard and G. Mazza,200274101109Del Campo, J., M.J. Amiot and C. Nguyen-The,20006313591368Dhuley, J.N.,1999Cinnamomum verum) bark and greater cardamom (Amomum subulatum) seeds in rats fed high fat diet.]]>37238242Essawi, T. and M. Srour,200070343349Friedman, M., P.R. Henika, C.E. Levin and R.E. Mandrell,2004Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica in apple juice.]]>5260426048Gao, Y., M.J. van Belkum and M.E. Stiles,19996543294333Hammer, K.A., C.F. Carson and T.V. Riley,199986985990Helander, I.M., H.L. Alakomi, K. Latva-Kala, T. Mattila-Sandholm and I. Pol et al.,19984635903595Hsieh, P.C., J.L. Mau and S.H. Huang,2001183543Kelmanson, J.E., A.K. Jager and J. van Staden,200069241246Kim, J., M.R. Marshall and C.I. Wei,19954328392845Koutsoumanis, K., C.C. Tassou, P. Taoukis and G.J.E. Nychas,1998Salmonella enteritidis as a function of concentration, temperature and pH, using conductance measurements.]]>84981987Mejlholm, O. and P. Dalgaard,2002Photobacterium phosphoreum in liquid media and fish products.]]>342731Nevas, M., A.R. Korhonen, M. Lindstrom, P. Turkki and H. Korkela,200467199202Ferraro, M.J.,20005th Edn.,Pages: 36Pages: 36Nychas, G.J.E.,19951995pp: 58-89pp: 58-89Onawunmi, G.O.,19899105108Pina-Vaz, C., A.G. Rodfigues, E. Pinto, H.S. Costa-de-Oiiveira and C. Tavares et al.,2004Thymus oils and their major compounds.]]>187378Proestos, C., N. Chorianopoulos, G.J.E. Nychas and M. Komaitis,20055311901195Rios, J.L., M.C. Recio and A. Villar,198823127149Rojas, A., L. Hernandez, R. Pereda-Miranda and R. Mata,199235275283Sagdic, O., A. Kuscu, M. Ozcan and S. Ozcelik, 2002Escherichia coli O157: H7.]]>19473480Teng, R. Li, D.G. Du and B. Wang,2000Perilla frutescens and studies of its inhibition on the growth of bacteria and fungus.]]>27324327Thompson, D.P.,1996Fusarium species by butylated hydroxyanisole and/or carvacrol.]]>59412415Valero, M. and M.C. Salmeron,2003Bacillus cereus in tyndallized carrot broth.]]>857381Wang, S.Y., P.F. Chen and S.T. Chang,2005Cinnamomum osmophloeum) leaves against wood decay fungi.]]>96813818