Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2006.659.666YaghobfarA. Rezaian M. Ashrafi-Helan J. Barin H. Fazaeli Sayed Davod Sharifi 4200694The purpose of the present study was to indicated (evaluate) the effect of hull-less barley dietary on the morphology of the small intestinal wall and ileal microbial activity layer hens fed hull-less barley in diet. The results of experiment shown that the inclusion of hull-less barley in the diet had no effect on the bacterial activity as total counts of bacteroidaea, Lactobacillus bifidobacterium and clostridium in small intestinal of layer hen. In the present study, has shown that the hull-less barley influence on the total number of aerobes and anaerobes intestinal bacterial. This can be undigested nutrients enter the lower part of the small intestine, where microbial growth will be increased. The hull-less barley had effect on the villus height, villus width and crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of small intestinal of bird compared to control group. Across all groups, the villus height, villus width, crypt depth in the duodenum was greater than those in the jejunum and ileum and this is consistent with the significant role that the duodenum plays in nutrient absorption. The finding of result of present study as the inclusion of hull-less barley in the diet the number of density of goblet cells in the ileum greater than those in the jejunum and duodenum of small intestinal in birds. However, goblet cells are responsible for the secretion of mucin that is used for the mucinous lining of the intestinal epithelium. Based on the results of the present study, it can be stated that NSP as β-glucan content of hull-less barley concentration in diets of birds change microbial activity or population and the morphology of the small intestinal wall. The magnitude of these changes depends on the degree.]]>Brenes, A., M. Smith, W. Guener and R. Marquardt,19937217311739Classen, H.L., G.L. Campbell, B.G. Rosnagel, R. Bhatty and R.D. Reichert,198565725733Campbell, G.L., H.L. Classen and G.M. Balance,1986116560569Classen, H.L., G.L. Campbell and W.B. Grootwassink,19886812531259Campbell, G.L., B.F. Rossnager, H.L. Classen and P.A. Thacker,198926221230Fincher, G.B. and B.A. Stone,19861986pp: 207-295pp: 207-295Hofshagen, M. and M. Kaldhusdal,199271959969Jaroni, D., S.E. Scheideler, M.M. Beck and C. Wyatt,19997816641674Luna, L.G.,19683rd Edn.,pp: 32-39pp: 32-39Mathlouthi, J.P., N. Lalles, P. Lepercq, C. Juste and M. Larbier,20028027732779Robertson, J.A.,198847143152Schneeman, B.D.,19821982pp: 73-83pp: 73-83Stutz, M.W. and G.C. Lawton,19846320362042Sakata, T.,19875895103Southon, S., J.M. Gee and I.T. Johnson,1987586572Salih, M.E., H.L. Classen and G.L. Campbell,199133139149Silva, S.S. and R.R. Smthard,1996377779Smits, C.H.M.,19961996Visek, W.J.,19784614471469Viveros, A., A. Brenes, M. Pizarro and M. Castano,199448237251Van Leeuwen, P., J.M.V.M. Mouwen, J.D. van Derklisand M.W.A. Verstegen,2004454148Wagner, D.D. and O.P. Thomas,197857971975White, W.B., H.R. Bird, M.L. Sunde, N. Prentice, W.C. Burger and J.A. Marlett,198162853862White, W.B., H.R. Bird, M.L. Sunde and J.A. Marlett,198362853862