Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2005.872.876in vitro Trichoderma harzianum Antagonism Against
Verticillium dahliae]]>RegraguiAmina LahlouHouria 6200586This in vitro study led to test the sodium chloride tolerance
of Trichoderma harzianum and to evaluate the impact of salinity on its
antagonistic capacities, in order to use it as a biological agent controlling
Verticillium wilt of tomato in Moroccan saline soils. Trichoderma
harzianum tolerates the salinity for its mycelial growth but its sporulation
is significantly reduced. The efficiency of the antagonistic modes of action
of Trichoderma against Verticillium depends on the saline concentration
used. Thus, the antagonism by competition is slightly affected by moderated
salt concentrations (6 g L-1). The antagonism by antibiosis decreases
with the increase of salt. The antagonistic compounds produced by Trichoderma
in presence of 8 g L-1 NaCl concentration still reduce the pathogen
growth but have no action on the abundance of microsclerotia. The in vitro
antagonistic properties of T. harzianum obtained at low salt concentrations
may be applied for the biological control of Verticillium wilt of tomato
in Moroccan saline soils where levels of salinity are equivalent to salt concentrations
favorable to Trichoderma antagonism.]]>Besri, M. and A. Afailal,1993Verticillium wilt on resistant tomato cultivars.]]>1993Besri, M.,1991Verticillium wilt of tomato grown under plastic tunnel in Morocco.]]>287355360Regragui, A., M. Rahouti and H. Lahlou,2003Verticillium albo-atrum: Pathogenicity and in vitro production of cellulolytic enzymes.]]>24167174Cook, R.J.,197363451458Harris, D.C. and J.R. Yang,1996Verticillium dahliae in soil and the incidence of strawberry wilt as a basis for disease risk prediction.]]>45106114Elad, Y., Y. Hadar, E. Hadar, I. Chet and Y. Henis,1991Rhizoctonia solani by Trichoderma harzianum in carnation.]]>65675677Cliquet, S. and R.J. Scheffer,1996Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani using Trichoderma sp. applied as industrial film coatings on seeds]]>102247255Eden, M.A., R.A. Hill and A. Stewart,1996Botrytis stem infection of green house tomatoes.]]>45276284Harman, G.E., B. Latorre, B. Agosin, R. San Martin and D.G. Riegel et al.,1996Trichoderma sp.]]>7259266Howell, C.R.,2002Rhizoctonia orysae and Pythium spp. and its biological control with Trichoderma spp.]]>92177180Datnoff, L.E., S. Nemec and K. Pernezny,1995Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato in Florida using Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus intraradices.]]>5427431Haggag W.M. and A.W. Amin,2001Trichoderma species in control of Fusarium-Rot, Root knot and reniform nematode disease complex on sunflower.]]>4314318Stefanova, M., A. Leiva, L. Larrinaga and M.F. Courrone,1999Trichoderma spp. Isolates for control of soilborne phytopathogenic fungi.]]>16509516Lorito, M., G.E. Harman, C.K. Hayes, R.M. Broadway, A. Tronsmo, S.L. Woo and A. di Pietro,1993Trichoderma harzianum: Antifungal activity of purified endochinase and chetobiosidase.]]>83302307Windham, M.T., Y. Elad and R.A. Baker,1986Trichoderma sp.]]>76518521Ozbay, N. and S.E. Newman,2004Trichoderma strains to colonize tomato roots and improve Transplant growth.]]>7253257Eastburn, D.B. and E.E. Butler,1991Trichoderma harzianum.]]>83257263Camporota, P.,1985In vitro Antagonism of Trichoderma spp. against Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.]]>5613620D`Ercole, N., P. Nipoti, L. di Pillo and F. Gavina,2000In vitro and in vivo Tests of Trichoderma spp. As a Biocontrol Agent of Verticillium dahliae kleb. In Eggplants. Advances in Verticillium Research and Disease Management.]]>pp: 260-263pp: 260-263Essalmani, H. and H. Lahlou,2002In vitro study of antagonistic activity of microorganisms against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis.]]>23221234Claydon, N., M. Allen, J.R. Hanson and A.G. Avent,1987Trichoderma harzianum.]]>88505513Graeme-Cook, K.A. and J.L. Faull,1991Trichoderma harzianum with altered antibiotic production on selected pathogens in vitro.]]>37659664