Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2002.1311.1312Bactrocera zonata (Diptera:Tephritidae)]]>SiddiquiQamar-ul-Hassan AshrafMohammad 122002512The results on mean percent pupal recovery of Bactrocera zonata at different depths as influenced by moisture levels indicated that the depth of pupation was significantly affected by moisture percentage in pupation substrate. The 10-15% moisture level of the pupation substrate was useful in holding the pupae. The mean percent adult emergence of B. zonata pupated at different depths of sand with variable moisture levels showed that both moisture levels and depths affected the adult emergence of this fruit fly. The adult emergence was synchronous with the pupation at different depths in sand having respective moisture level. The pupal recovery and adult emergence indicated that 10 and 15% moisture levels were the best suited for optimal pupation and adult emergence of B. zonata.]]>Kafi, A.,19861986pp: 6366Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie,19842nd Edn.,pp: 172-177pp: 172-177Al-Zaghal, K., T. Mustafa and K.A. Zaghal, 1987Dacus oleae Gmel. Diptera, Tephritidae in Jordan. ]]>103452456Cavalloro, R. and G. Delrio, 197532190195Christenson, L.D. and R.H. Foote, 19605171192Drew and Romig,20002000pp: 677-692pp: 677-692Ibrahim, Y. and R. Mohmad, 1978Dacus dorsalis Hendel in relation to host plants and its pupation depth. ]]>16669Khattak, S.U.K., N. Tanaka and E.J. Harris, 1984Dacus dorsalis Hend. ]]>27233235Laudeho, Y., C. Liaropoulos and C. Lousks,1975Dacus oleae (Gmel.) in the soil. ]]>7265267Malem, E.M. and J.H. Giliomee, 1968Dacus ciliatus Loew.]]>31373389Mitchell, S., N. Tanaka and F. Steiner,1965pp: 33-104pp: 33-104Niazee, M.T.A.,1974Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera:Tephritidae) distribution of the diapausing pupae in the soil. ]]>106909912Robinson, A. and G. Hooper,1989Tsitsipis, J.A. and E.P. Papanicolauo, 1979Dacus oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) as affected by several physical characters of substrates. ]]>113140Vargas, R.,19871987pp: 555-583pp: 555-583Vargas, R., H.B.C. Chang, M. Komura and D. Kawamoto, 198679864867