Pharmacologia2044-46482044-4656Science International10.3923/pharmacologia.2018.1.12EissaChristina S. Abd-ElhadyZenab FargaliLamiaa M. HosnySomaya 1201891Background and Objective: Exogenous insulin administration can't achieve the same glycemic control provided by β-cells endogenous insulin. Thus, strategies to improve the structure and function of existing β-cells of diabetic patients would provide a future treatment option. One of new strategies is angiotensin 2 blockers (ARB) such as losartan (LOS). Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the effect of LOS in improving the structure of β-cells in diabetic rats . Materials and Methods: Forty healthy adult male albino rats were randomized into four groups, ten animals in each group, (1) Control group, (2) STZ group received an IP injection of 65 mg kg1 b.wt., streptozotocin (STZ), (3) STZ+LOS group received 20 mg kg1 b.wt., LOS orally, daily for 1 week after diabetes induction and (4) LOS group received oral LOS (20 mg kg1 b.wt.) daily for 1 week. Ten days later, animals were sacrificed. Tail of pancreas specimens were processed for Light Microscope (LM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) examination. Sections were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin stain and anti-insulin immunostaining of β-cells. Histopathological changes in islets were graded from 0 (no changes) to 3 (more than 50% alterations). Mean optical density (MOD) and percentage of β-cells (βp) were calculated. Results: In STZ group, most islets were in grade 3, with significant decrease in MOD and βp compared to control group. The STZ+LOS group showed some improvement in islets including significant decrease in grade 3 alterations and significant increase in grade 1. There was significant increase in MOP and βp compared to STZ group. TEM examination confirmed the previous results. Conclusion: LOS induced partial cure of β-cells and islets.]]>Mishra, P.K., S.R. Singh, I.G. Joshua and S.C. Tyagi,201015461477Khan, M.S. and A.K. Gupta,2015415051515Skipworth, J.R.A., G. Szabadkai, S.W.M. Olde Damink, P.S. Leung, S.E. Humphries and H.E. Montgomery,201134840852Leung, P.S.,20075803137Kamper, M., O. Tsimpoukidi, A. Chatzigeorgiou, M. Lymberi and E.F. Kamper,20101552636Cooper, M.E., C. Tikellis and M.C. Thomas,200624S57S63Abunasef, S.K.M.,200629193204Drachenberg, C.B., D.K. Klassen, M.R. Weir, A. Wiland and J.C. Fink et al.,199968396402Cheng, Q. and P.S. Leung,20113210871095Hmza, A.J.A., E. Omar, A. Adnan and M.T. Osman,201371419Gomathi, D., G. Ravikumar, M. Kalaiselvi, K. Devaki and C. Uma,2013Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L. on insulin and antioxidants activity in pancreas of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.]]>2013Alenzi, F.Q.,200981118Sellamuthu, P.S., P. Arulselvan, B.P. Muniappan, S. Fakurazi and M. Kandasamy,2013Salacia chinensis prevents oxidative stress and protects pancreatic β-cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.]]>16719727Senthilkumar, G.P. and S. Subramanian,2007Terminalia chebula studied in STZ-induced diabetic rats.]]>1131140Haschek, W.M., C.G. Rousseaux and M.A. Wallig,20102010pp: 9-41pp: 9-41Taylor, B.L., F.F. Liu and M. Sander,2013412621275Ahmadi, S., S.M. Karimian, M. Sotoudeh and M. Bahadori,200216173178Adewole, S.O. and J.A.O. Ojewole,200729447455Novikova, L., I.V. Smirnova, S. Rawal, A.L. Dotson, S.H. Benedict and L. Stehno-Bittel,20132013Leung, K.K. and P.S. Leung,20089290299Tikellis, C., P.J. Wookey, R. Candido, S. Andrikopoulos, M.C. Thomas and M.E. Cooper,200453989997De Cavanagh, E.M.V., F. Inserra and L. Ferder,2010893140De Cavanagh, E.M.V., J.E. Toblli, L. Ferder, B. Piotrkowski, I., Stella and F. Inserra,2006290R1616R1625Kaneto, H. and T.A. Matsuoka,2012131368013690Aishwarya, P., M. Sandhya, R.V. Chidrawar andV.U.M. Rao,20142591595Chu, K.Y., T. Lau, P.O. Carlsson and P.S. Leung, 200655367374Chu, K.Y. and P.S. Leung,20079869878Kashemsant, N. and C.B. Chan,200637517526Bindom, S.M., C.P. Hans, H. Xia, A.H. Boulares and E. Lazartigues,20105925402548