Pharmacologia2044-46482044-4656Science International10.3923/pharmacologia.2013.38.47Crassocephalum bauchiense (Asteraceae)]]>MouokeuRaymond S.NgonoRosalie A.N.TumeChristopher KamtchuengMonique O.NjatengGuy S.S.PaulDzoyem JeanTamokouJean De DieuKuiateJules-Roger 1201341Medicinal plants are rich sources of secondary metabolites which are claimed
to possess immunomodulatory properties, justifying why the present study was
designed to investigate the immunomodulatory potential of Crassocephalum
bauchiense leaves extracts. Leaves were macerated successively in hexane,
ethyl acetate and methanol. The ethyl acetate extract was further fractionated
into six fractions (F1 to F6) using flash chromatography.
The activities of the extract and its fractions were investigated on macrophage
NO production model while their proliferative effects were evaluated on macrophages
and peripheral blood lymphocytes by the thiazolyl blue (MTT) test. Extract and
fractions significantly inhibited NO production by peritoneal macrophages. However,
they enhanced macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro at lower
concentrations (<64 or <128 μg mL-1). Fraction F2
significantly increased Delayed-type herpersensitivity reaction (DTH)
in mice. This activity was potentiated when the fraction was co-administered
with cyclophosphamide. The fraction did not show any activity on antibody production.
The total leucocytes count (mainly lymphocytes) was higher in the extract-treated
groups when compared to the controls. Fraction F2 significantly suppressed
myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide as from 25 mg kg-1 of
body weight (bw). Oral administration of the fraction caused lethal signs of
toxicity from 16 mg kg-1 bw. The LD50 was estimated at
22 mg kg-1 bw. These results indicate that C. bauchiense ethyl
acetate extract and its fraction F2 have relatively interesting immunostimulatory
effects on lymphocytes. In associated with its kwon antimicrobial properties,
one can conclude that this plant species is a candidate for anti-infective phytomedicine
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