Pharmacologia2044-46482044-4656Science International10.3923/pharmacologia.2011.259.264GhasiSamuel OdurukweObiageli 9201129Background: Piperazine reputed to be a safe drug was evaluated for hepatotoxic effects in the rat following sub-chronic administration.Transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin levels were measured by different methods. Results: The aspartate transaminase values with piperazine 30, 60 and 100 mg kg-1 were 22.8±1.43, 27.6±1.08 and 38.4±3.75 i.μ L-1, respectively. Compared to the control value of 12.8±1.32 i.μ L-1, the changes were statistically significant (p = 0.0009, <0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively). The alanine transaminase levels in the groups that were treated with piperazine 30, 60 and 100 mg kg-1 also showed dose dependent statistically significant rises of 17.0±0.77, 18.2±0.92 and 24.6±1.50, respectively compared to the control. This was also the case with the result of alkaline phosphatise. When compared with the control value of 49.6±10.36 i.μ L-1 the groups of rats administered with piperazine 30, 60 and 100 mg kg-1 had alkaline phosphatase values of 96.2±0.49, 132.8±12.06 and 314.8±38.46 i.μ L-1, respectively. Results seen with total and conjugated bilirubin levels varied with doses of piperazine: whereas there was no statistically significant difference in the 30 mg kg-1 group compared to the control, the group that received piperazine 100 mg kg-1 showed significant increases. In the case of the 60 mg kg-1 group, the total bilirubin level increased significantly compared to the control while conjugated bilirubin did not. The liver histology revealed extensively deranged morphology. Conclusion: It is concluded, therefore, that chronic high doses of piperazine would be inimical to the liver and therefore, compromise the normal liver function.]]>Bomb, B.S. and H.K. Bedi,197670358358Boucher, F.R., D.J. Hearse and L.H. Opie,1994244549Clarke, B., M. Spedding, L. Patmore and J.G. Mccormack,1993109748750De Deurwaerdere, P. and M.F. Chesselet,20002051705178Drake-Holland, A.J., P.R. Belcher, J. Hynd and M.I. Noble,199388250258Eilon, G.F., J. Gu, L.M. Slater, K. Hara and J.W. Jacobs,200045183191Ghasi, S.,200815119125Ghasi, S. and G. Onuaguluchi,200714524532Ghasi, S., A. Ogbonna and A. Mbah,20102010Hatzidimitriou, G., E.H. Tsai, U.D. Mccann and G.A. Ricaurte,2002445157Kind, P.R.N. and E.J. King,19547322326Linch, D. and A.P. Yates,1986pp: 1-7pp: 1-7Merz, K.H., D. Marko, T. Regiert, G. Reiss, W. Frank and G. Eisenbrand,19984147334743Minato, H., Y. Honda, Y. Masuda, B. Fujitani and K. Hosoki,199646567571Minato, H., C. Kikuta, Y. Masuda, B. Fujitani and K. Hosoki,19972+ channel antagonist (+/-)-(E)-1-(3-fluoro-6,11-dihydrodibenz[b,e]-oxepine-11-yl)-4-(3-phenyl 1-2-propenyl)-piperazine dimaleate.]]>47799802Onuaguluchi, G.,1966152225Onuaguluchi, G.,1981Polyadoa unbellata (ERIN) and of piperazine citrate on mammalian non-vascular smooth muscle.]]>234545Onuaguluchi, G.,1984Polyadoa umbellate (ERIN) on mammalian non-vascular smooth muscle.]]>269263270Onuaguluchi, G. and I.N.A. Igbo,1985274253266Onuaguluchi, G. and S. Ghasi,2006134347Parsons, A.C.,19714792792Powell, W.N.,1944145558Reitman, S. and S. Frankel,1957285663Schalm, O.W.,19673rd Edn.,pp: 91-95pp: 91-95Schuch, P., U. Stephen and G. Jacobi,1966212181218Tracy, J.W. and L.T. Webster,20012001Van-Bogaert, P., X. De-Tiege, J.M. Vanderwinden, P. Damhaut, S.N. Schiffmann and S. Goldman,2001in vivo binding of 5-HT1a receptors in the KA model of limbic epilepsy in the rat.]]>47127139Williams, C.L., S.H. Phelps and R.A. Porter,19962+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase types II and IV, and reduced DNA synthesis due to the Ca2+//calmodulin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor KN-62 (1-[N,O-bis(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-N-methyl-L-tyrosyl]-4-phenyl piperazine) in small cell lung carcinoma.]]>51707715