Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology1816-496x2152-100xAcademic Journals Inc.10.3923/jpt.2012.359.368Cosmos caudatus Kunth, Asteraceae) Leaf Extract]]>AmaliaLia AnggadiredjaKusnandar Sukrasno FidriannyIrda InggrianiRini 8201278The wild cosmos (Cosmos caudatus Kunth, Asteraceae) is one of the vegetables mostly consumed by rural people of Central and East Java Provinces of Indonesia and those of the Malay Peninsula. Yet, it has not been widely used medicinally. The leaf has distinctive taste as well as odor and contains high level of flavonoid, especially flavonol and flavon glycosides which have potent antioxidant activity. In this study, in an attempt to explore the antihypertensive effect, wild cosmos leaf aqueous extract was tested in rats treated with adrenaline and sodium chloride. The frequency of heart rate and amplitude of stroke volume were measured using the non-invasive tail cuff method. The extract at doses of 500 and 1000 mg kg-1 showed similar potency to that of 9 mg kg-1 atenonol, in lowering both parameters, induced by adrenaline. However, after sodium chloride, the extract only suppressed the amplitude and this effect was comparable to that of 0.45 mg kg-1 hydrochlorothiazide and 13.5 mg kg-1 captopril. Besides cardiac effects, the extract also demonstrated diuretic activity which was comparable to that of 1.8 mg kg-1 furosemide. Taken together, results of present study suggest that wild cosmos leaf extract have antihypertensive effect which may be related, at least in part, to the decreased cardiac output and induction of diuresis. The results may further indicate that consumption of wild cosmos leaf in diet is beneficial for hypertensive patients.]]>Amalia, L., E.Y. Sukandar, R.M.A. Roesli and J.I. Sigit,2008Allium schoenoprasum L.) bulbs on serum nitric oxide level in male wistar rats.]]>4487491Andarwulan, N., R. Batari, D.A. Sandrasari, B. Bolling and H. Wijaya,201012112311235Ash, M. and I. Ash,2004Pages: 873Pages: 873Bassani, J.W.M., R.A. Bassani and M. Rocha-e-Silva,199098397402Bassani, J.W., R.A. Bassani and M. Rocha-e-Silva,198720471475Bolli, R., M. Zughaib, X.Y. Li, X.L. Tang, J.Z. Sun, J.F. Triana and P.B. McCay,19959610661084Cibin, T.R., G. Srinivas, D. Gayathri Devi, P. Srinivas, Y. Lija and A. Abraham,2006Emilia sonchifolia Linn on human cancer cells.]]>2520524Ekelund, U.E., R.W. Harrison, O. Shokek, R.N. Thakkar and R.S. Tunin et al.,199985437445Engelhard, Y.N., B. Gazer and E. Paran,2006151100.e1100.e6Gasparotto, J.A., F.M. Gasparotto, M.A. Boffo, E.L.B. Lourenco and M.E.A. Stefanello et al.,2011Tropaeolum majus L.]]>134210215Hutter, O.F. and W. Trautwein,195639715733Kaneko, M., R.E. Beamish and N.S. Dhalla,1989256H368H374Kim, M.S. and T. Akera,1987252H252H257Lipschitz, W.L. and E. Stokey,1984148259268Mak, S., D.C. Lehotay, M. Yazdanpanah, E.R. Azevedo, P.P. Liu and G.E. Newton,20006108114Mak, S. and G.E. Newton,2001103826830Naseri, M.K.G., M. Arabian, M. Badavi and A. Ahangarpour,2008Allium cepa peel hydroalcoholic extract in rat.]]>1115691575Oloyede, G.K., P.A. Onocha, O.A. Adaramoye and S.E. Thonda,2011Alchornea laxiflora leaf extract.]]>5190200Persad, S., S. Takeda, V. Panagia and N.S. Dhalla,199729545558Persad, S., V. Panagia and N.S. Dhalla,199818699106Rhee, K.H., L.O. Toro, G.G. McDonald, R.L. Nunnally and D.L. Levin,1993104913918Rocha, A.P.M., A.C. Resende, M.A.V. Souza, L.C.R.M. Carvalho and P.J.C. Sousa et al.,2008Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Acai).]]>3435448Rowe, G.T., N.H. Manson, M. Caplan and M.L. Hess,198353584591Shinke, T., J. Shite, H. Takaoka, K. Hata and N. Inoue et al.,2007154645.e1645.e8Tabak, C., I.C. Arts, H.A. Smit, D. Heederik and D. Kromhout,20011646164Shui, G., L.P. Leong and S.P. Wong,2005Cosmos caudatus using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.]]>827127138Sukrasno, S., I. Fidriany, K. Anggadiredja, W.A. Handayani and K. Anam,2011Cosmos caudatus (kunth) leaves.]]>5189195Sumazian, Y., A. Syahida, M. Hakiman and M. Maziah,20104881890Tan, C.M., S. Xenoyannis and R.D. Feldman,199577710717Victor, V.M., M. Rocha, E. Sola, C. Banuls, K. Garcia-Malpartida and A. Hernandez-Mijares,20091529883002Victor, V.M., N. Apostolova, R. Herance, A. Hernandez-Mijares and M. Rocha,20091646544667West, T.C., G. Falk and P. Cervoni,1965117245252Williams, S., J.T.A. Meij and V. Panagia,1995149217222