Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology1816-496x2152-100xAcademic Journals Inc.10.3923/jpt.2008.363.372Ficus hispida Linn. Leaf Extract on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Oxidative Hepatic Injury in Rats]]>ShanmugarajanT.S. ArunsundarM. SomasundaramI. SivaramanD. KrishnakumarE. RavichandranV. 5200835The current study was designed to scrutinize the putative
hepatoprotective potential of the methanolic leaf extract of Ficus
hispida Linn. (FH) (400 mg kg-1 body weight) on cyclophosphamide
(CP) elicited oxidative injury in rat liver. CP administration (150 mg
kg-1 body weight, i.p., twice, in 2 consecutive days) caused
liver injury, featuring substantial increase in serum aspartate transaminase
(AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and bilirubin
levels. In contrast, treatment with FH significantly precluded all these
alterations. CP intoxicated rats depicted a remarkable oxidative stress,
as evidenced by a significant elevation in lipid peroxidation (LPO) with
a concomitant decrease in the GSH activity. These changes were coupled
with a marked decline in the activities of enzymic antioxidants [superoxide
dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase
(GST) and glutathione reductase (GR)] in the liver tissue of CP-administered
rats. FH treated rats displayed a significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation
(LPO) and augmentation of endogenous antioxidants. Taken together, these
findings emphasize the hepatoprotective effect of F. hispida
leaf extract against CP-induced oxidative liver injury. Hence, F.
hispida might serve as a promising medicinal herb in complementary
chemotherapeutic modalities.]]>Abdel-Zaher, A.O., M.M. Abdel-Rahman, M.M. Hafez and F.M. Omran,2007234124134Adamson, P.C., F.M. Balis, J.E. Belasco, B. Lange and S.L. Berg et al.,19955540694072Ansari, R.A., S.C. Tripathi, G.K. Patnaik and B.N. Dhawan,1991Picrorhiza kurroa.]]>346168Augusti, K.T., Anuradha, S.P. Prabha, K.B. Smitha, M. Sudheesh, A.George and M.C. Joseph,2005Ficus flavonoid as compared to vitamin E in CCl4 induced liver damage in rats.]]>43437444Bacon, A.M. and S.A. Rosenberg,1982976263Bai, X., A. Qiu, J. Guan and Z. Shi,2007A. deliciosa root on carbon tetrachloride induced rat liver injury.]]>16169173Balanehru, S. and B. Nagarajan,199124981990Buniatian, N.D., V.V. Chikitkina and L.V. Iakovleva,1998615355Colvin, O.M.,19995555560Daniel, R.S., K.S. Devi, K.T. Augusti and C.R.S. Nair,2003Ficus bengalensis Linn. flavonoids in experimental animals.]]>41296303 Demirer, T., C.D. Buckner, F.R. Appelbaum and W.I. Bensinger et al.,199617491495DeLeve, L.D.,199624830837De Souza, C.A., G. Santini, G. Marino, S. Nati, A.M. Congiu, A.C. Vigorito and E. Damasio,200033791798Dong, Q., D. Barsky, M.E. Colvin, C.F. Melius and S.M. Ludeman et al.,1995921217012174Ellman, G.L.,1959827077Esterbauer, H., R.J. Schaur and H. Zollner,19911181128Gutierrez-Correa, J. and A.O. Stoppani,199727543555Habig, W.H., M.J. Pabst and W.B. Jakoby,197424971307139Haque, R., B. Bin-Hafeez, I. Ahmad, S. Parvez, S. Pandey and S. Raisuddin,2001Emblica officinalis Gaertn. in cyclophosphamide-treated mice.]]>20643650Haque, R., B. Bin-Hafeez, S. Parvez, S. Pandey, I. Sayeed, M. Ali and S. Raisuddin,2003Juglans regia L.) protects mice against cyclophosphamide induced biochemical toxicity.]]>22473480Hensley, M.L., L.M. Schuchter, C. Lindley, N.J. Meropol and G.I. Cohen et al.,19991733333355Hui, M.K.C., W.K.K. Wu, V.Y. Shin, W.H.L. So and C.H. Cho,2006Angelica sinensis protect bone marrow and gastrointestinal tissues against the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide in mice.]]>316Huong, V.N. and V.M. Trang,2006Ficus hispida L.]]>44345349Khan, M.S.Y., A.A. Siddiqui and K. Javed,1991Ficus hispida.]]>61415Kim, N.Y., M.K. Lee, M.J. Park, S.J. Kim and H.J. Park et al.,20058177183King, J.,19651965pp: 121-138pp: 121-138King, J.,19651965pp: 191-197pp: 191-197King, J.,19651965pp: 83–93pp: 83–93Kokate, C.K.,19882nd Edn.,pp: 119-125pp: 119-125Kumar, K.B.H. and R. Kuttan,2005Phyllanthus amarus against cyclophosphamide induced toxicity in mice.]]>12494500Lee, D.H., R. Blomhoff and D.R. Jacobs,200438535539Liebermann, C.,18851818031809Lindley, C.M., G. Hamilton, J.S. McCune, S. Faucette and S.S. Shord et al.,200230814822Liu, J., Y.P. Liu, C. Madhu and C.D. Klaassen,199326616071613Liu, Y., H. Kreppel, J. Liu, S. Choudhuri and C.D. Klaassen,1993266400406Liu, J., Y.P. Liu, A. Parkinson and C.D. Klaassen,1995275768774Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr and R.J. Randall,1951193265275Malathi, R. and M.P. Gomez,2007Tylophora asthmatica against paracetamol induced liver damage in rats.]]>2737742Malloy, H.T. and K.A. Evelyn,1937119481490Manda, K. and A.L. Bhatia,200319367372Mandal, S.C., B. Saraswathi, C.K.A. Kumar, S.M. Lakshmi and B.C. Maiti,2000Ficus hispida Linn. against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.]]>14457459Markham, K.R.,19821st Edn.pp: 1-113.pp: 1-113.Meerson, F.Z., V.E. Kagan, Y.P. Kozlov, L.M. Belkina and Y.V. Arkhipenko,198277465468Misra, H.P. and I. Fridovich,197224731703175Morais, M.M., J.N. Belarmino-Filho, G.A.C. Brito and R.A. Ribeiro,19993212111215Nakamura, H., N. Kumazawa, S. Ohta, T. Fujita, T. Iwasaki and M. Shinoda,1992112115123Noller, C.R., R.A. Smith, G.R. Harris and J.M. Walker,19426430473047Ohkawa, H., N. Ohishi and K. Yagi,197995351358Oliveira, F.A., M.H. Chaves, F.R.C. Almeida, R.C.P. Jr. Lima and R.M. Silva et al.,2005Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) March. trunk wood resin, against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice.]]>98103108Paolo, A.D., R. Danesi and M.D. Tacca,200449331342Park, I.H., S.K. Chung, K.B. Lee, Y.C. Yoo, S.K. Kim, G.S. Kim and K.S. Song,2004Phellinus linteus.]]>27615618Pass, G.J., D. Carrie, M. Boylan, S. Lorimore, E. Wright, B. Houston, C.J. Henderson and C.R. Wolf,20056542114217Peraza-Sanchez, S.R., H. Chai, Y.G. Shin, T. Santisuk and V. Reutrakul et al.,2002Ficus hispida.]]>68186188Rajasekaran N.S., H. Devaraj and S.N. Devaraj,200213302306Raskin, I., D.M. Ribnicky, S. Komarnytsky, N. Ilic and A. Poulev et al.,200220522531Reinhold-Keller, E., J. Mohr, E. Christophers, K. Nordmann and W.L. Gross,199270698704Rotruck, J.T., A.L. Pope, H.E. Ganther, A.B. Swanson, D.G. Hafeman and W.G. Hoekstra,1973179588590Scherz-Shouval, R. and Z. Elazar,200717422427Selvakumar, E., C. Prahalathan, Y. Mythili and P. Varalakshmi,2005272179185Senthilkumar, S., K.K. Ebenezar, V. Sathish, S. Yogeeta and T. Devaki,2006294100Sharma, N., P. Trikha, M. Athar and S. Raisuddin,2000Emblica officinalis on the in vivo clastogenicity of benzo[a]pyrene and cyclophosphamide in mice.]]>19377384Shulman, H.M., G.B. McDonald, D. Matthews and K.C. Doney et al.,19807911781191Sinha, A.K.,197247389394Smith, R.D. and J.P. Kehrer,199151542548Snover, D.C., S. Weisdorf, J. Bloomer, P. McGlave and D. Weisdorf,19899443448Staal, G.E.J., J. Visser and C. Veeger,19691853948Stankiewicz, A., E. Skrzydlewska and M. Makiela,2002196782Sudharsan, P.T., Y. Mythili, E. Selvakumar, P. Varalakshmi,200524313318Szasz, G., 196915124136Tang, X.H., J. Gao, F. Fang, J. Chen, L.Z. Xu, X.N. Zhao and Q. Xu,200533627637Yokota, J., D. Takuma, A. Hamada, M. Onogawa and S. Yoshioka et al.,2006Eriobotrya japonica seed extract.]]>29467471Yoshida, Y. and E. Niki,200349277280Yousefipour, Z., K. Ranganna, M.A. Newaz and S.G. Milton,200556337353Yuan, M., P.B. Smith, R.B. Brundrett, M. Colvin and C. Fenselau,199119625629Zincke, H. and J.E. Woods,1977145183188