Journal of Plant Sciences1816-4951xxxx-xxxxxAcademic Journals Inc.10.3923/jps.2017.5.16RezkAdel Abdelsabour AlhudaibKhalid Abdullah 12017121Background and Objective: Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease (TYLCD) is one of the most devastating plant diseases in the different regions of the world and caused by a complex of several virus species in genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae. This study aimed to detect distribution genetic diversity of TYLCV in different location in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Leaf samples of 476 of tomato plants showing symptoms of tomato yellow leaf curl disease were collected during 2012-2013 from six different locations in Saudi Arabia (Alqasim, Alhasa, Aljawf, Hail, Jizan and Tabuk) to study the incidence and genetic biodiversity of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV). The PCR analysis was used to detect and amplify TYLCV sequences using degenerate and virus-specific primers. Results: The TYLCV was detected in samples collected from Alqasim, Alhasa, Hail and Jizan with infection percentages of 93.5, 92, 88 and 78%, respectively; TYLCV was not detected in samples collected from Aljawf and Tabuk. The full length of the viral genome was amplified and sequenced for four isolates, one each from Alqasim, Alhasa, Hail and Jizan. Comprehensive analysis of the virus sequences were performed including sequence alignment, GC content, homology and phylogeny analysis. These analysis showed that all sequences of TYLCV were between 2771-2780 nucleotides in length encoding either 6 open reading frames in TYLCV-Has and TYLCV-Jiz, or 7 open reading frame TYLCV-Hail and TYLCV-Qas. The GC content ranged between 0.41-0.42. Nucleotide identity was up to 95% between TYLCV-Jiz, TYLCV-Hail and TYLCV-Qas but only 83% with TYLCV-Has. Conclusion: The TYLCV-Jiz, TYLCV-Qas and TYLCV-Hail have higher sequence identity to Tomato Leaf Curl Sudan Virus (TLCSV) and TYLCV-Has has more identity to the tomato yellow leaf curl virus of Iran.]]>Rojas, M.R. and R.L. Gilbertson,20082008pp: 27-51pp: 27-51Briddon, R.W., B.L. Patil, B. Bagewadi, M.S. Nawaz-ul-Rehman and C.M. Fauquet,2010Begomoviruses.]]>2010Khan, J.A., S. Akhtar, R. Briddon, U. Ammara, A. Al-Matrooshi and S. Mansoor,2012411691181Fauquet, C.M., R.W. Briddon, J.K. Brown, E. Moriones, J. Stanley, M. Zerbini and X. Zhou,2008Geminivirus strain demarcation and nomenclature.]]>153783821Abhary, M.K., B.L. Patil and C.M. Fauqet,20072007pp: 85-118pp: 85-118Diaz-Pendon, J.A., M.C. Nizares, E. Moriones, E.R. Bejarano, H. Czosnek and J. Navas-Castillo,201011441450Rey, M., J. Ndunguru, L. Berrie, M. Paximadis and S. Berry et al.,2012417531791Cohen, S. and I. Harpaz,1964Bemisia tahaci Gennadius).]]>7155166Brown, J.K., F.M. Zerbini, J. Navas-Castillo, E. Moriones and R. 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