Journal of Plant Sciences1816-4951xxxx-xxxxxAcademic Journals Inc.10.3923/jps.2015.15.24in vitro Culture and Plantlet Generation of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and Development of Synthetic Seeds]]>OceaniaChirom DoniThingujam TikendraLeimapokpam NongdamPotshangbam 12015101Tomato is a highly popular crop for its rich nutritional values and constitutes an integral part of daily diets for substantial portion of human population of the world. Because of limitations in conventional breeding methods and increasing demand of this important crop for fast growing population, large scale propagation of tomato through plant tissue culture techniques becomes highly significant. Efficient in vitro generation protocols for tomato have been established successfully by employing seed and tissue culture derived shoot-tip explants. 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) was highly effective in inducing seed germination and rapid leaf multiplication though presence of 0.4% activated charcocal (AC) had negative influence on culture development. The used of in vitro derived shoot-tips as explants removed the deleterious effect of AC resulting in the production of highest number of leaves in MS+3 mg L-1 BAP+0.5 mg L-1 NAA+AC. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with as 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was not favourable for seed germination but germination rate and root multiplication responses accelerated with the incorporation of AC in medium. Maximum number of roots differentiated from the germinating seeds in MS+3 mg L-1 NAA+1 mg L-1 BAP+AC. The MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 NAA generated highest root formation when shoot-tip propagules were used for culture initiation. Preliminary investigation of synthetic seed development of tomato revealed the gel matrix produced from the complexation between 2% sodium alginate and 100 mM CaCl2 for 20-40 min as the most favourable for efficient encapsulation of in vitro derived shoot-tip propagules. The in vitro protocols developed from the present investigation can be utilized for propagation of tomato in larger scale for commercial purposes as well as local domestic consumption.]]>Ajenifujah-Solebo, S.O.A., N.A. Isu, O. Olorode, I. Ingelbrecht and O.O. Abiade,20126370375Benmahioul, B., M. Kiad-Harche and F. Daguin,2012in vitro embryo germination and growth of plantlets of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.).]]>3613616Bhattarai, S.P., R.C. de la Pana, D.J. Midmore and K. Palchamy,2009In vitro culture of immature seed for rapid generation advancement in tomato.]]>1672330Bhatia, P., N. Ashwath and D.J. Midmore,200541457464Bhatia, P., N. Ashwanth, T. Senaratna and D. Midmore,2004Lycopersicon esculentum).]]>78121Chandra, I., P. Singh, A. Bhattacharya, P. Singh, S. Javed and A. Singhamahapatra,2013In vitro callus induction, regeneration and micropropagation of Solanum lycopersicum.]]>2192197Davis, D.G., K.A. Breiland, D.S. Frear and G.A. Sandsecor,1994Lycopersicum esculentum) cultivars with different sensitives to metribuzin.]]>226573Duncan, D.B.,195511142Ernst, R.,1975441218Harish, M.C., S. Rajeevkumar and R. Sathishkumar,2010in vitro callus induction and regeneration of different tomato cultivars of India.]]>2178184Hassanein, A., I.A. Ibraheim, A.N. Galal and J. Salem,20112467475Himabindu, K.B., M.S. Priya, D.M. Reddy, P. Sudhakar and Y. Srinivasulu et al.,2012in-vitro seed germination in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).]]>3476480Hossain, M.N., M. Fakruddin and M.N. Islam,20116914923Huda, A.K.M.N., M. Rahman and M.A. Bari,2007Solanum melongena L.).]]>2538544Lima, J.E., R.F. Carvalho, A.T. Neto, A. Figueira and L.E. Peres,2004in vitro shoot regeneration.]]>167753757Lumpkin, H.,20052005Maqsood, M., A. Mujib and Z.H. Siddiqui,2012Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.]]>113743Mohanty, P., P. Nongkling, M.C. Das, S. Kumaria and P. Tandon,2013Dendrobium nobile Lindl.: An endangered medicinal orchid from North-East India.]]>3235239Mohanraj, R., R. Ananthan and V.N. Bai,2009Coelogyne breviscapa lindl.]]>1124128Murashige, T. and F. Skoog,196215473497Nagananda, G.S., N. Satishchandra and S. Rajath,2011Flickingeria nodosa (Dalz.) Seidenf.]]>7310313Nair, R.R. and S.D. Gupta,2007In vitro plant regeneration from encapsulated somatic embryos of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.).]]>2283292Nongdam, P. and L. Tikendra,2014in vitro regeneration protocol for rapid and mass propagation of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. using seed culture.]]>2014Nongdam, P. and N. Chongtham,2012In vitro seed germination and mass propagation of Cymbidium dayanum Reichb.: An important ornamental orchid of North-East India.]]>22837Nongdam, P. and N. Chongtham,2011In vitro rapid propagation of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw.: A medicinally important orchid via seed culture.]]>11254260Pacek-Bieniek, A., M. Dyduch-Sieminska and M. Rudas,2010Zygostates grandiflora (Lindl.) Mansf. (Orchidaceae).]]>224550Pan, M.J. and J. van Staden,1998in vitro culture: A review.]]>26155163Patel, A.V., I. Pusch, G. Mix-Wagner and K.D. Vorlop,200019868874Piccioni, E.,199747255260Pico, B., J. Herraiz, J.J. Ruiz and F. Nuez,2002947389Mamidala, P. and R.S. Nanna,2011in vitro regeneration of tomato.]]>34550Saiprasad, G.V.S. and R. Polisetty,2003394248Sun, H.J., S. Uchii, S. Watanabe and H. Ezura,200647426431Kartha, K.K., O.L. Gamborg, J.P. Shyluk and F. Constabel,1976in vitro leaf culture of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Starfire) and high frequency plant regeneration.]]>77292301Singh, T., N. Singh, A. Bahuguna, M. Nautiyal and V.K. Sharma,2014Solanum lycopersicum L.) hybrids for growth, yield and quality inside polyhouse under mid hill condition of Uttarakhand.]]>4202209Uddin, M.F., M.A. Taher, S.M.A. Islam and M.Z. Hossain,20044521526