Research Journal of Parasitology1816-4943xxxx-xxxxScience International10.3923/jp.2015.92.101OlasehindeG.I. OjurongbeD.O. AkinjogunlaO.J. EgwariL.O. AdeyebaA.O. 32015103High transmission rate and drug resistance have been implicated in the spread and re-emergence of malaria in areas where the disease had been eradicated. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of falciparum malaria and pre-disposing factors to malaria among patients presenting with fever in selected State Hospitals in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Four thousand and sixty six patients were recruited into this study. Scientific and Ethical clearance was obtained for this study. Blood samples were collected for malaria screening from the subjects. Structured questionnaires were administered to patients and parents of infants to determine the factors that could lead to the development of drug resistance by the parasite in the study population. Out of 4066 subjects screened during the study period, 61.1% were positive for falciparum malaria. Highest prevalence of 70.8% was recorded in children 1-5 years, also the group with highest parasitemia (1080). The study showed that 24.6% of the patient visited hospitals for treatment, 12% use local healers while 25.0% bought antimalarial drugs without prescription. Moreover, some subjects use more than one method in their management of malaria. Those who combined antimalarial drugs with traditional medicine from local healers were 17.4%. Only 18% of the sample population used insecticide treated mosquito nets, 42.3% used window and door nets, while 13% did not employ any mosquito preventive method. Uncontrolled use of drugs and exposure of parasites to the drugs should be monitored in areas where the parasite is still sensitive to the drug.]]>Adefioye, O.A., O.A. Adeyeba, W.O. Hassan and O.A. Oyeniran,200724345Ademowo, O.G., C.M. Nneji and A.D.A. Adedapo,2007In vitro antimalarial activity of methylene blue against field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from children in Southwest Nigeria.]]>1264549Ariey, F., B. Witkowski, C. Amaratunga, J. Beghain and A.C. Langlois et al.,2014Plasmodium falciparum malaria.]]>5055055Aribodor, D.N., O.O. Njoku, C.I. Eneanya and I.O. Onyali,2003243338Chanda, P., B. Hamainza, S. Mulenga, V. Chalwe, C. Msiska and E. Chizema-Kawesha,20092009Cheesbrough, M.,2000Pages: 464Pages: 464Foster, S. and M. Phillips,199892391398Goodman, C., P. Coleman and A. Mills,2000Pages: 185Pages: 185Goodman, C.A., P.G. Coleman and A.J. Mills,1999354378385Greenwood, B.M., K. Bojang, C.J. Whitty and G.A. Targett,200536514871498Marielle, K.B.A., E.I.C. Denisa, M.M. Modeste, K. Eric, B.M. Pierre, M. Elie and K. Maryvome,2003Plasmodium falciparum infection in pregnant women in Gabon.]]>2003Mockenhaupt, F.P., B. Rong, M. Gunther, S. Beck and H. Till et al.,200094477483Ogungbamigbe, T.O., P.S. Ogunro, P.O. Elemile, B.E. Egbewale, O.A. Olowu and O.O. Abiodun,200533201208Olasehinde, G.I., A.A. Ajayi, S.O. Taiwo, B.T. Adekeye and O.A. Adeyeba,2010Falciparium malaria among infants and children in Ota, Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria.]]>11159163Olasehinde, G.I.,2011In-vitro, Molecular and Epidemiological Studies on Plasmodium falciparum.]]>Pages: 120Pages: 120Olasehinde, G.I., O. Ojurongbe, A.O. Adeyeba, O.E. Fagade and N. Valecha et al.,2014In vitro studies on the sensitivity pattern of Plasmodium falciparum to anti-malarial drugs and local herbal extracts.]]>2014Plowe, C.V.,200320637453752Ridley, R.G.,1997Plasmodium: Drug discovery and development-an industrial perspective.]]>87293304Sowunmi, A., F.A. Fehintola, A.A. Adedeji, G.O. Gbotosho and C.O. Falade et al.,2004vs. pyrimethamine-sulphadoxine plus probenecid for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children.]]>9606614Uko, E.K., A.O. Emeribe and G.C. Ejezie,19987710WHO.,20102010WHO.,20002000WHO.,20032003WHO.,20132013WHO.,20152015Griffin, J.T., T.D. Hollingsworth, L.C. Okell, T.S. Churcher and M. White et al.,2010Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission in Africa: A model-based evaluation of intervention strategies.]]>2010