Research Journal of Parasitology1816-4943xxxx-xxxxScience International10.3923/jp.2015.142.150Toxoplasma gondii (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) in the Brown Dog Tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) Fed on Infected Rabbits]]>ShafySobhy Abdel- ShaapanRafaat M. AbdelrahmanKhaled A. NamakyAmira H. El- AzizaFaten A.M. Abo- ZeinaHala A. Abou 42015104The brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a three-host tick that feeds primarily on dog and occasionally on other hosts, including human. Toxoplasmosis is generally considered the most important disease that causing abortion of both pregnant women and different female animals throughout the world. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the ability of the brown dog tick R. sanguineus to acquire Toxoplasma infection through feeding its larvae on experimentally infected rabbits with T. gondii. The R. sanguineous larvae were feed on rabbits experimentally infected with locally isolated virulent Toxoplasma gondii strain. Nymphs moulted from these larvae were investigated to detect the presence of T. gondii specific B1 gene DNA using PCR at 193 bp. Histological examination for liver, lung and heart of experimentally infected rabbits was performed to confirm the infection of animals with T. gondii. The histopathological examination of infected rabbit tissues (heart, lung liver) revealed infiltration of T. gondii tachyzoites and polymorph nuclear inflammatory cells in addition the presence of different tissue alterations and degeneration other than that in normally histological tissues of non-infected rabbits. The nymphs of R. sanguineus were free from T. gondii. Further investigations are needed on the other developmental stages of R. sanguineus to ensure the ability of this tick species in transmission of T. gondii.]]>Abdel-Shafy, S., M.S. Mahmoud and M.M. Abdel-Aziz,2008Hyalomma dromedarii (Acari: Ixodidae).]]>591102Asman, M., K. Solarz, P. Cuber, T. Gasior and P. Szilman et al.,2015Babesia microti and Toxoplasma gondii and their co-existence in ticks (Acari: Ixodida) collected in Tarnogorski district (Upper Silesia, Poland).]]>228083Bancroft, J., A. Stevens and D. Turner,19964th Edn.,Pages: 740Pages: 740Burg, J.L., C.M. Grover, P. Pouletty and J.C. Boothroyd,1989Toxoplasma gondii, by polymerase chain reaction.]]>2717871792Castellani, P.M.,1970Toxoplasma gondii by ticks of the Ornithodorus genus].]]>22226227, (In Italian)Dantas-Torres, F.,2008Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae): From taxonomy to control.]]>152173185Derylo, A., S. Tos-Luty, J. Dutkiewicz and J. Uminski,1977Ixodes ricinus L. ticks in the biology and transmission of Toxoplasma gondii].]]>24585595Drury, R.A.B. and E.A. Wallington,19804th Edn.,Dubey, J.P.,20102nd Edn.,Pages: 336Pages: 336Dubey, J.P.,2008Toxoplasma gondii-the first 100 years.]]>55467475Esteban-Redondo, I., S.W. Maley, K. Thomson, S. Nicoll, S. Wright, D. Buxton and E.A. Innes,1999T. gondii in tissues of sheep and cattle following oral infection.]]>86155171Estrada-Pena, A., A. Bouattour, J.L. Camicas and A.R. Walker,20041st Edn.,Pages: 131Pages: 131Gidel, R. and A. Provost,1965Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected Ixodidae of the genus Amblyomma].]]>109613616, (In French)Hoogstraal, H.,1956pp: 1101pp: 1101Jagow, M. and G. Hoffmann,1970Toxoplasma gondii in various developing stages of Ornithodoros moubata].]]>33246251, (In German)Morales, J.A., M.A. Pena and J.P. Dubey,1996Coendou mexicanus) from Costa Rica.]]>82185186Ponce, N. and J.E. Gomez,20037814Prickett, M.D., D.W. Dreesen, W.D. Waltman, J.L. Blue and J. Brown,1985Toxoplasma gondii oocysts.]]>4611301132Rifaat, M.A., A.A. Soliman and T.A. Morsy,1963Toxoplasma infection sought in bloodsucking arthropods at Aburawash, Giza, U.A.R.]]>66152155Shaapan, R.M., F.A. El-Nawawi and M.A.A. Tawfik,2008Toxoplasma gondii infection in naturally infected sheep.]]>153359362Shaapan, R.M.,20152015Shaapan, R.M. and A.A. Ghazy,2007Toxoplasma gondii from horse meat in Egypt.]]>10174177Sharma, S.P. and J.P. Dubey,1981Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and bradyzoites in pepsin and in trypsin solutions.]]>42128130Da Silva, A.V. and H. Langoni,2001Toxoplasma gondii by comparing cytology, histopathology, bioassay in mice and the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).]]>97193200Singh, I., S.M. Basu, D. Narsimhan, D.N. Sardana and C.C. Kapila et al.,1965285834838Sreekumar, C., D.E. Hill, K.B. Miska, M.C.B. Vianna, L. Yan, R.L. Myers and J.P. Dubey,2005Toxoplasma gondii using pyrosequencing.]]>35991999Sroka, J., J. Chmielewska-Badora and J. Dutkiewicz,2002Toxoplasma gondii.]]>10121123Sroka, J., J. Szymanska and A. Wojcik-Fatla,2009Toxoplasma gondii and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus ticks from east Poland with the use of PCR.]]>16313319Sroka, J., A. Wojcik-Fatla, J. Zwolinski, V. Zajac, M. Sawczuk and J. Dutkiewicz,2008Toxoplasma gondii in Ixodes ricinus ticks from north-western Poland with the use of PCR.]]>15333338Woke, P.A., L. Jacobs, F.E. Jones and M.L. Melton,195339523532Szabo, M.P.J. and G.H. Bechara,1997Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks using gut extract.]]>68283294